صلاة

Arabic

Alternative forms

• صَلَوٰة (ṣalāh) — classical spelling

Etymology

Normalized spelling of earlier صَلَوٰة (ṣalāh), from Classical Syriac ܨܠܘܬ (ṣəlōṯ), whence the denominal root ص ل و (ṣ-l-w). Compare Ugaritic 𐎕𐎍𐎚 (ṣlt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤa.laːh/

Noun

صَلَاة • (ṣalāh) f (plural صَلَوَات (ṣalawāt))

1. verbal noun of صَلَّى (ṣallā, “to pray”) (form II)
2. prayer in general; spontaneous prayer
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 9:103:

     وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ صَلَاتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَهُمْ

     wa-ṣalli ʕalayhim ʔinna ṣalātaka sakanun lahum

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 17:110:

     قُلِ ٱدْعُوا ٱللَّهَ أَوِ ٱدْعُوا ٱلرَّحْمَٰنَ أَيًّا مَا تَدْعُوا فَلَهُ ٱلْأَسْمَاءُ ٱلْحُسْنَى وَلَا تَجْهَرْ بِصَلَاتِكَ وَلَا تُخَافِتْ بِهَا وَٱبْتَغِ بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ سَبِيلًا

     quli dʕū l-laha ʔawi dʕū r-raḥmāna ʔayyan mā tadʕū fa-lahu l-ʔasmāʔu l-ḥusnā wa-lā tajhar bi-ṣalātika wa-lā tuḵāfit bihā wa-btaḡi bayna ḏālika sabīlan

     Say (to them, O Mohammed): Call upon (Him by) "God" or call upon (Him by) "ar-Raḥmân" ("The Merciful One"); whichever you call upon (Him by), (remember that) the most beautiful of names belong to Him; and be not very loud in your prayers nor be very quiet but follow a way in between.

3. a place for prayer or religious worship for non-Muslims, especially Jews; a synagogue
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 22:40:

     وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ ٱللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُم بِبَعْضٍ لَهُدِّمَتْ صَوَامِعُ وَبِيَعٌ وَصَلَوَاتٌ وَمَسَاجِدُ يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا ٱسْمُ اللَّهِ كَثِيرًا

     walawlā dafʕu l-lahi n-nāsa baʕḍahum bibaʕḍin lahuddimat ṣawāmiʕu wabiyaʕun waṣalawātun wamasājidu yuḏkaru fīhā smu l-lahi kaṯīran

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

4. (Islam) salat, namaz, prayer
5. bliss, blessing
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:157:

     أُولَٰئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَلَوَاتٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ

     ʔūlāʔika ʕalayhim ṣalawātun min rabbihim wa-raḥmatun

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• عَلَيْهِ ٱلصَّلَاةُ وَٱلسَّلَامُ (ʕalayhi ṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu)
• صَلَاة السَّاعَات الْكَبِيرَة (ṣalā(t) as-sāʕāt al-kabīra)

Declension

Declension of noun صَلَاة (ṣalāh)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَاة (-āh)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَلَاة ṣalāt	الصَّلَاة aṣ-ṣalāt	صَلَاة ṣalāt
Nominative	صَلَاةٌ ṣalātun	الصَّلَاةُ aṣ-ṣalātu	صَلَاةُ ṣalātu
Accusative	صَلَاةً ṣalātan	الصَّلَاةَ aṣ-ṣalāta	صَلَاةَ ṣalāta
Genitive	صَلَاةٍ ṣalātin	الصَّلَاةِ aṣ-ṣalāti	صَلَاةِ ṣalāti
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَلَاتَيْن ṣalātayn	الصَّلَاتَيْن aṣ-ṣalātayn	صَلَاتَيْ ṣalātay
Nominative	صَلَاتَانِ ṣalātāni	الصَّلَاتَانِ aṣ-ṣalātāni	صَلَاتَا ṣalātā
Accusative	صَلَاتَيْنِ ṣalātayni	الصَّلَاتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣalātayni	صَلَاتَيْ ṣalātay
Genitive	صَلَاتَيْنِ ṣalātayni	الصَّلَاتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣalātayni	صَلَاتَيْ ṣalātay
Plural	sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَلَوَات ṣalawāt	الصَّلَوَات aṣ-ṣalawāt	صَلَوَات ṣalawāt
Nominative	صَلَوَاتٌ ṣalawātun	الصَّلَوَاتُ aṣ-ṣalawātu	صَلَوَاتُ ṣalawātu
Accusative	صَلَوَاتٍ ṣalawātin	الصَّلَوَاتِ aṣ-ṣalawāti	صَلَوَاتِ ṣalawāti
Genitive	صَلَوَاتٍ ṣalawātin	الصَّلَوَاتِ aṣ-ṣalawāti	صَلَوَاتِ ṣalawāti

Descendants

• → Afar: salat
• → Armenian: սալավաթ (salavatʻ)
• → Azerbaijani: salavat
• → Bashkir: салауат (salawat), Салауат (Salawat) (proper name)
• → English: salat
• → Georgian: სალავათი (salavati)
• → Persian: صلات (ṣalât)
• → Indonesian: salat, shalat, solat, sholat
• → Malay: solat
• → Ottoman Turkish: صلوات (salavat)
  • Turkish: salavat
• → Russian: саля́т (salját)
• → Swahili: swala

Related terms

• دُعَاء (duʕāʔ, “supplication, du'a'”)
• زَكَاة (zakāh, “almsgiving, zakat”)
• صَوْم (ṣawm, “fast, sawm”)

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South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic صَلَاة (ṣalāh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤa.laː/, [sˤɑˈlɑː]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Noun

صلاة • (ṣalā) f (plural صلوات (ṣalawāt))

1. prayer