émerger
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See also: emerger
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]émerger
- to arrive at the top; to move upwards
- emerge (to come into view)
- (colloquial) to wake up
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written émerge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of émerger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | émerger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | émergeant /e.mɛʁ.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | émergé /e.mɛʁ.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | émerge /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
émerges /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
émerge /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
émergeons /e.mɛʁ.ʒɔ̃/ |
émergez /e.mɛʁ.ʒe/ |
émergent /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
| imperfect | émergeais /e.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/ |
émergeais /e.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/ |
émergeait /e.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/ |
émergions /e.mɛʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ |
émergiez /e.mɛʁ.ʒje/ |
émergeaient /e.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | émergeai /e.mɛʁ.ʒe/ |
émergeas /e.mɛʁ.ʒa/ |
émergea /e.mɛʁ.ʒa/ |
émergeâmes /e.mɛʁ.ʒam/ |
émergeâtes /e.mɛʁ.ʒat/ |
émergèrent /e.mɛʁ.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | émergerai /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ |
émergeras /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ |
émergera /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ |
émergerons /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ |
émergerez /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ |
émergeront /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | émergerais /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
émergerais /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
émergerait /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
émergerions /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
émergeriez /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁje/ |
émergeraient /e.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | émerge /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
émerges /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
émerge /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
émergions /e.mɛʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ |
émergiez /e.mɛʁ.ʒje/ |
émergent /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | émergeasse /e.mɛʁ.ʒas/ |
émergeasses /e.mɛʁ.ʒas/ |
émergeât /e.mɛʁ.ʒa/ |
émergeassions /e.mɛʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
émergeassiez /e.mɛʁ.ʒa.sje/ |
émergeassent /e.mɛʁ.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | émerge /e.mɛʁʒ/ |
— | émergeons /e.mɛʁ.ʒɔ̃/ |
émergez /e.mɛʁ.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “émerger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.