3-lit.
( intransitive ) to be(come) hidden or secret
c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE ,
Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 1:
j.nḏ ḥr.k wsjr nb nḥḥ nswt nṯr(w) ꜥšꜣ rnw ḏsr ḫprw štꜣ jrw m rw-prw Hail to you, Osiris, lord of eternity, king of gods, numerous of names, sacred of developments, secret of rites in temples!
Conjugation of štꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: štꜣ , geminated stem: štꜣꜣ
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
štꜣ
štꜣw , štꜣ
štꜣt
štꜣ
štꜣ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
štꜣ
ḥr štꜣ
m štꜣ
r štꜣ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
štꜣ.n
štꜣw , štꜣ
consecutive
štꜣ.jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
štꜣt
perfective 3
štꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
obligative1
štꜣ.ḫr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
štꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
štꜣ
štꜣꜣ
potentialis1
štꜣ.kꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
štꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
štꜣ.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
štꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
štꜣ
štꜣ , štꜣw 5 , štꜣy 5
imperfective
štꜣ , štꜣy , štꜣw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
štꜣ , štꜣj 6 , štꜣy 6
štꜣ , štꜣw 5
prospective
štꜣ , štꜣtj 7
—
štꜣtj 4 , štꜣt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of štꜣ
perfective active participle of štꜣ : hidden , secret
Declension of štꜣ (perfective active participle)
masculine
feminine
singular
štꜣ
štꜣt
dual
štꜣwj
štꜣtj
plural
štꜣw
štꜣwt 1 , štꜣt 2
Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural. In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.
See under the verb above.
James P[eter] Allen (2010 ) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN , page 35 .
Vycichl, Werner (1983 ) Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Copte , Leuven: Peeters, →ISBN , page 310
Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1930 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [1] , volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN , pages 551.3–553.5