Žid

See also: zid, zīd, žid, and -zid

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech Žid, from West South Slavic *Židъ, from early South Slavic *Žydъ, from Romance *Ǯūdēus, from Latin iūdaeus, from Ancient Greek Ῐ̓ουδαῖος (Ĭoudaîos), from Biblical Hebrew יְהוּדָה (y'hudá).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʒɪt]
• Homophone: žit

Proper noun

Žid m anim (female equivalent Židovka, relational adjective židovský)

1. Jew (by ancestry)

Declension

Declension of Žid (hard masculine animate)

	singular	plural
nominative	Žid	Židi, Židé
genitive	Žida	Židů
dative	Židovi, Židu	Židům
accusative	Žida	Židy
vocative	Žide	Židi, Židé
locative	Židovi, Židu	Židech
instrumental	Židem	Židy

Derived terms

• židovství

See also

• žid

Further reading

• “Žid”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “Žid”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “Žid”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

Old Czech

Etymology

from West South Slavic *Židъ, from early South Slavic *Žydъ, from Romance *Ǯūdēus, from Latin iūdaeus, from Ancient Greek Ῐ̓ουδαῖος (Ĭoudaîos), from Biblical Hebrew יְהוּדָה (y'hudá).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈʒid/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈʒit/

Noun

Žid m pers

1. Jew

Declension

Declension of Žid (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	Žid	Židy	Židi, Židové
genitive	Žida	Židú	Židóv
dative	Židu, Židovi	Židoma	Židóm
accusative	Žida	Židy	Židy
vocative	Žide	Židy	Židi, Židové
locative	Židu, Židovi	Židú	Židiech
instrumental	Židem	Židoma	Židy

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

• Czech: Žid
• → Old Polish: Żyd
  • Polish: Żyd
  • →? Old Lithuanian: žỹdas
    • Lithuanian: žỹdas
• → Slovak: žid, Žid
• → Sorbian:
  • Lower Sorbian: žyd, Žyd
  • Lower Sorbian: žid, Žid

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *židъ, Proto-Slavic *židovinъ, from Italian giudeo, from Latin Iūdaeus, from Ancient Greek Ἰουδαῖος (Ioudaîos), from Hebrew יְהוּדִי (y'hudí).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʒit]
• Homophone: žid

Proper noun

Žid m pers (female equivalent Židovka, relational adjective židovský)

1. Jew (by ancestry)

Declension

Declension of Žid

	singular	plural
nominative	Žid	Židovia
genitive	Žida	Židov
dative	Židovi	Židom
accusative	Žida	Židov
locative	Židovi	Židoch
instrumental	Židom	Židmi

Derived terms

• Židovka
• židovský
• židovstvo

Proper noun

Žid m pers (female equivalent Židová)

1. a male surname

Declension

Declension of Žid
(pattern chlap)

	singular	plural 1	plural 2
nominative	Žid	Židovia	Židovci
genitive	Žida	Židov	Židovcov
dative	Židovi	Židom	Židovcom
accusative	Žida	Židov	Židovcov
locative	Židovi	Židoch	Židovcoch
instrumental	Židom	Židmi	Židovcami

Further reading

• “Žid”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025