γυνή
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *gʷonā. Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀙𐀊 (ku-na-ja), Sanskrit ग्ना (gnā́), जनि (jáni), Old Armenian կին (kin), and Old English cwēn (English queen).
The weak stem is probably from the strong stem suffixed with *-keh₂ (compare μέγᾰς (mégas)). Compare also Latin mulier for the development of using hypocorisms to refer to women. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡy.nɛ̌ː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ɡyˈne̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ʝyˈni/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ʝyˈni/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ʝiˈni/
Noun
[edit]γῠνή • (gunḗ) f (genitive γῠναικός); third declension
Declension
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ γῠνή hē gunḗ |
τὼ γῠναῖκε tṑ gunaîke |
αἱ γῠναῖκες hai gunaîkes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς γῠναικός tês gunaikós |
τοῖν γῠναικοῖν toîn gunaikoîn |
τῶν γῠναικῶν tôn gunaikôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ γῠναικί têi gunaikí |
τοῖν γῠναικοῖν toîn gunaikoîn |
ταῖς γῠναιξί / γῠναιξίν taîs gunaixí(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν γῠναῖκᾰ tḕn gunaîka |
τὼ γῠναῖκε tṑ gunaîke |
τᾱ̀ς γῠναῖκᾰς tā̀s gunaîkas | ||||||||||
Vocative | γύναι gúnai |
γῠναῖκε gunaîke |
γῠναῖκες gunaîkes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ᾱ̔ γῠνά hā guná |
τὼ γῠναῖκε tṑ gunaîke |
ταὶ γῠναῖκες taì gunaîkes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τᾶς γῠναικός tâs gunaikós |
τοῖν γῠναικαῖν toîn gunaikaîn |
τᾶν γῠναικᾶν tân gunaikân | ||||||||||
Dative | τᾷ γῠναικί tâi gunaikí |
τοῖν γῠναικαῖν toîn gunaikaîn |
ταῖς γῠναιξί / γῠναιξίν taîs gunaixí(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τᾱ̀ν γῠναῖκᾰ tā̀n gunaîka |
τὼ γῠναῖκε tṑ gunaîke |
τᾱ̀ς γῠναῖκᾰς tā̀s gunaîkas | ||||||||||
Vocative | γύναι gúnai |
γῠναῖκε gunaîke |
γῠναῖκες gunaîkes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Antonyms
[edit]- ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man, male”)
Derived terms
[edit]- καλλιγύναιξ (kalligúnaix)
Descendants
[edit]- Greek (Modern & varieties):
Further reading
[edit]- “γυνή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “γυνή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “γυνή”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- γυνή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- γυνή in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- γυνή in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- G1135 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- Ancient Greek irregular nouns
- grc:Female family members
- grc:Human
- grc:Female people