जनि

Braj

Etymology

From Sanskrit यथा न (yathā na). Equivalent in function to Hindi मत (mat).

Particle

जनि (jani)

1. do not

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ᬚᬦᬶ (Balinese script)
• জনি (Assamese script)
• জনি (Bengali script)
• 𑰕𑰡𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀚𑀦𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌜𑌨𑌿 (Grantha script)
• જનિ (Gujarati script)
• ਜਨਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦗꦤꦶ (Javanese script)
• ជនិ (Khmer script)
• ಜನಿ (Kannada script)
• ຊນິ (Lao script)
• ജനി (Malayalam script)
• 𑘕𑘡𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠽᠠᠨᠢ (Mongolian script)
• ᡯᠠᠨᡳ (Manchu script)
• ဇနိ (Burmese script)
• 𑦵𑧁𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐖𑐣𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଜନି (Odia script)
• ꢙꢥꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆘𑆤𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖕𑖡𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ජනි (Sinhalese script)
• జని (Telugu script)
• ชนิ (Thai script)
• ཛ་ནི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒖𑒢𑒱 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

The sense “woman” is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰánHiš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬇𐬥𐬌‎ (jə̄ni), 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌‎ (jaⁱni, “woman”), Persian زن‎ (zan), Central Kurdish ژن (jin), Ancient Greek γῠνή (gunḗ) (whence English gyno-), English queen. Doublet of ग्ना (gnā́).

The sense “birth”, which has been conflated with the word for “woman”, is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to give birth”), whence also जन (jana, “people”), जनस् (janas, “race”), जनिमन् (janiman, “birth”), etc.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ́.ni/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʑɐ.n̪i/

Noun

जनि • (jáni) root form, f

1. woman, wife
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
2. birth, production
3. (botany) a kind of fragrant plant
4. mother
5. birth, i.e. life
6. birthplace

Declension

Feminine i-stem declension of जनि (jáni)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	जनिः jániḥ	जनी jánī	जनयः jánayaḥ
Vocative	जने jáne	जनी jánī	जनयः jánayaḥ
Accusative	जनिम् jánim	जनी jánī	जनीः jánīḥ
Instrumental	जन्या jányā	जनिभ्याम् jánibhyām	जनिभिः jánibhiḥ
Dative	जनये / जन्ये¹ / जन्यै² jánaye / jánye¹ / jányai²	जनिभ्याम् jánibhyām	जनिभ्यः jánibhyaḥ
Ablative	जनेः / जन्याः² jáneḥ / jányāḥ²	जनिभ्याम् jánibhyām	जनिभ्यः jánibhyaḥ
Genitive	जन्युर् jányur	जन्योः jányoḥ	जनीनाम् jánīnām
Locative	जनौ / जन्याम्² jánau / jányām²	जन्योः jányoḥ	जनिषु jániṣu
Notes	¹Less common ²Later Sanskrit

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “जनि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 411.