δάκρυ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• δᾰ́κρῠον (dắkrŭon)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru. Cognates include Latin lacruma, Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐍂 (tagr), Old English tēar, Sanskrit अश्रु॑ (áśru) and Old Armenian արտաւսր (artawsr).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /dá.kry/ → /ˈða.kry/ → /ˈða.kri/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /dá.kry/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈda.kry/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈða.kry/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈða.kry/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈða.kri/

Noun

δᾰ́κρῠ • (dắkrŭ) n (genitive δᾰ́κρῠος); third declension (poetic)

1. tear (drop of liquid from the eye)
   • c. 1426 – 1428, Bessarion, First Monody :

     ἢ τούτου χάριν καὶ πυκνὰ πρὸς τὸν αὐτὴν ἀποκρύπτοντα τύμβον ἐνατενίζων στένεις, ἀναφλεγόμενος τὴν ψυχὴν καὶ θερμῷ τὰς παρειὰς δάκρυϊ τέγγων

     ḕ toútou khárin kaì puknà pròs tòn autḕn apokrúptonta túmbon enatenízōn sténeis, anaphlegómenos tḕn psukhḕn kaì thermōî tàs pareiàs dákruï téngōn

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (figurative) anything which drips like a tear, such as gum or sap

Declension

Third declension of τὸ δᾰ́κρῠ; τοῦ δᾰ́κρῠος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ δᾰ́κρῠ tò dắkrŭ	τὼ δᾰ́κρῠε tṑ dắkrŭe	τᾰ̀ δᾰ́κρῠᾰ tằ dắkrŭă
Genitive	τοῦ δᾰ́κρῠος toû dắkrŭos	τοῖν δᾰκρῠ́οιν toîn dăkrŭ́oin	τῶν δᾰκρῠ́ων tôn dăkrŭ́ōn
Dative	τῷ δᾰ́κρῠῐ̈ / δᾰ́κρυι tōî dắkrŭĭ̈ / dắkrui	τοῖν δᾰκρῠ́οιν toîn dăkrŭ́oin	τοῖς δᾰ́κρῠσῐ / δᾰ́κρῠσῐν toîs dắkrŭsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ δᾰ́κρῠ tò dắkrŭ	τὼ δᾰ́κρῠε tṑ dắkrŭe	τᾰ̀ δᾰ́κρῠᾰ tằ dắkrŭă
Vocative	δᾰ́κρῠ dắkrŭ	δᾰ́κρῠε dắkrŭe	δᾰ́κρῠᾰ dắkrŭă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of δᾰ́κρῠ; δᾰ́κρῠος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	δᾰ́κρῠ dắkrŭ	δᾰ́κρῠε dắkrŭe	δᾰ́κρῠᾰ dắkrŭă
Genitive	δᾰ́κρῠος dắkrŭos	δᾰκρῠ́οιῐ̈ν dăkrŭ́oiĭ̈n	δᾰκρῠ́ων dăkrŭ́ōn
Dative	δᾰ́κρῠῐ̈ / δᾰ́κρυι dắkrŭĭ̈ / dắkrui	δᾰκρῠ́οιῐ̈ν dăkrŭ́oiĭ̈n	δᾰ́κρῠσῐ / δᾰ́κρῠσῐν / δᾰ́κρῠσσῐ / δᾰ́κρῠσσῐν / δᾰκρῠ́εσσῐ / δᾰκρῠ́εσσῐν dắkrŭsĭ(n) / dắkrŭssĭ(n) / dăkrŭ́essĭ(n)
Accusative	δᾰ́κρῠ dắkrŭ	δᾰ́κρῠε dắkrŭe	δᾰ́κρῠᾰ dắkrŭă
Vocative	δᾰ́κρῠ dắkrŭ	δᾰ́κρῠε dắkrŭe	δᾰ́κρῠᾰ dắkrŭă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of τὸ δᾰ́κρῠ; τοῦ δᾰ́κρῠος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ δᾰ́κρῠ tò dắkrŭ	τὼ δᾰ́κρῠε tṑ dắkrŭe	τᾰ̀ δᾰ́κρῠᾰ tằ dắkrŭă
Genitive	τοῦ δᾰ́κρῠος toû dắkrŭos	τοῖν δᾰκρῠ́οιν toîn dăkrŭ́oin	τῶν δᾰκρῠ́ων tôn dăkrŭ́ōn
Dative	τῷ δᾰ́κρῠῐ̈ / δᾰ́κρυι tōî dắkrŭĭ̈ / dắkrui	τοῖν δᾰκρῠ́οιν toîn dăkrŭ́oin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν δᾰ́κρῠσῐ / δᾰ́κρῠσῐν toîsĭ(n) dắkrŭsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ δᾰ́κρῠ tò dắkrŭ	τὼ δᾰ́κρῠε tṑ dắkrŭe	τᾰ̀ δᾰ́κρῠᾰ tằ dắkrŭă
Vocative	δᾰ́κρῠ dắkrŭ	δᾰ́κρῠε dắkrŭe	δᾰ́κρῠᾰ dắkrŭă
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• δᾰκρῠόεις (dăkrŭóeis)
• δᾰ́κρῠον (dắkrŭon)
• δᾰκρῡ́ω (dăkrū́ō)

Descendants

• Greek: δάκρυ (dákry)
• → English: dacryo-

Further reading

• “δάκρυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “δάκρυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “δάκρυ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• δάκρυ in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• δάκρυ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• δάκρυ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• “δάκρυ”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1144 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • exudation idem, page 298.
  • gum idem, page 379.
  • tear idem, page 859.
• Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache von Dr. Raphael Kühner. Erster Teil: Elementar- und Formenlehre. Dritte Auflage in zwei Bänden in neuer Bearbeitung besorgt von Friedrich Blass. Erster Band, Hannover, 1890, page 438, § 125

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), from Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru-.

Noun

δάκρυ • (dákry) n (plural δάκρυα)

1. tear (from crying)

Declension

Declension of δάκρυ

	singular	plural
nominative	δάκρυ (dákry)	δάκρυα (dákrya)
genitive	δακρύου (dakrýou)	δακρύων (dakrýon)
accusative	δάκρυ (dákry)	δάκρυα (dákrya)
vocative	δάκρυ (dákry)	δάκρυα (dákrya)

Further reading

• δάκρυ on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el