κυρτός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The word remains without direct agreement. The comparison with Latin curvus (“curved”) presupposes that the Greek adjective continues a reduced grade *kʷr-to- with u coloring. As a u colored reduced grade is difficult, it is doubtful whether this comparison is valid at all. The comparison with κορώνη (korṓnē, “anything curved”) is also unfounded.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kyr.tós/ → /cyrˈtos/ → /cirˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kyr.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kyrˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /cyrˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /cyrˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /cirˈtos/

Adjective

κυρτός • (kurtós) m (feminine κυρτή, neuter κυρτόν); first/second declension

1. bulging, swelling
2. arched, vaulted
3. humped, hunchbacked, gibbous

   Synonym: ὑβός (hubós)

4. convex, outcurved

   Antonym: κοῖλος (koîlos)

Inflection

First and second declension of κυρτός; κυρτή; κυρτόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κυρτός kurtós	κυρτή kurtḗ	κυρτόν kurtón		κυρτώ kurtṓ	κυρτᾱ́ kurtā́	κυρτώ kurtṓ		κυρτοί kurtoí	κυρταί kurtaí	κυρτᾰ́ kurtá
Genitive		κυρτοῦ kurtoû	κυρτῆς kurtês	κυρτοῦ kurtoû		κυρτοῖν kurtoîn	κυρταῖν kurtaîn	κυρτοῖν kurtoîn		κυρτῶν kurtôn	κυρτῶν kurtôn	κυρτῶν kurtôn
Dative		κυρτῷ kurtôi	κυρτῇ kurtêi	κυρτῷ kurtôi		κυρτοῖν kurtoîn	κυρταῖν kurtaîn	κυρτοῖν kurtoîn		κυρτοῖς kurtoîs	κυρταῖς kurtaîs	κυρτοῖς kurtoîs
Accusative		κυρτόν kurtón	κυρτήν kurtḗn	κυρτόν kurtón		κυρτώ kurtṓ	κυρτᾱ́ kurtā́	κυρτώ kurtṓ		κυρτούς kurtoús	κυρτᾱ́ς kurtā́s	κυρτᾰ́ kurtá
Vocative		κυρτέ kurté	κυρτή kurtḗ	κυρτόν kurtón		κυρτώ kurtṓ	κυρτᾱ́ kurtā́	κυρτώ kurtṓ		κυρτοί kurtoí	κυρταί kurtaí	κυρτᾰ́ kurtá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κυρτῶς kurtôs				κυρτότερος kurtóteros				κυρτότᾰτος kurtótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κυρταίνω (kurtaínō)
• κυρταύχην (kurtaúkhēn)
• κυρτοειδής (kurtoeidḗs)
• κυρτότης (kurtótēs)
• κυρτόω (kurtóō)
• κύρτωμα (kúrtōma)
• κύρτωσις (kúrtōsis)
• κυρτωτός (kurtōtós)

 

Descendants

• Greek: κυρτός (kyrtós)

References

• “κυρτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κυρτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κυρτός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κυρτός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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Greek

Adjective

κυρτός • (kyrtós) m (feminine κυρτή, neuter κυρτό)

1. convex

Declension

Declension of κυρτός

number  case \ gender	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	κυρτός •	κυρτή •	κυρτό •	κυρτοί •	κυρτές •	κυρτά •
genitive	κυρτού •	κυρτής •	κυρτού •	κυρτών •	κυρτών •	κυρτών •
accusative	κυρτό •	κυρτή •	κυρτό •	κυρτούς •	κυρτές •	κυρτά •
vocative	κυρτέ •	κυρτή •	κυρτό •	κυρτοί •	κυρτές •	κυρτά •
derivations	Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο κυρτός, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο κυρτός, etc.)

Descendants

• Translingual: Cyrtandra

Antonyms

• κοίλος (koílos, “concave”)