λίγδος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Related to λίγδα (lígda, “whetstone”) and λίγδην (lígdēn, “touching superifically, grazing”). According to Beekes, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sleyǵ- (“to slide”) like Old High German slīhhan (“to creep”), Old Irish slige (“comb”) and Old Norse slíkr (“smooth”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /líɡ.dos/ → /ˈliɣ.ðos/ → /ˈliɣ.ðos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /líɡ.dos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈliɡ.dos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈliɣ.ðos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈliɣ.ðos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈliɣ.ðos/

Noun

λίγδος • (lígdos) m (genitive λίγδου); second declension

1. mortar

   Synonyms: θυεία (thueía), ἴγδις (ígdis)

2. clay mould
3. lye used as soap

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ λῐ́γδος; τοῦ λῐ́γδου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ λῐ́γδος ho lígdos	τὼ λῐ́γδω tṑ lígdō	οἱ λῐ́γδοι hoi lígdoi
Genitive	τοῦ λῐ́γδου toû lígdou	τοῖν λῐ́γδοιν toîn lígdoin	τῶν λῐ́γδων tôn lígdōn
Dative	τῷ λῐ́γδῳ tôi lígdōi	τοῖν λῐ́γδοιν toîn lígdoin	τοῖς λῐ́γδοις toîs lígdois
Accusative	τὸν λῐ́γδον tòn lígdon	τὼ λῐ́γδω tṑ lígdō	τοὺς λῐ́γδους toùs lígdous
Vocative	λῐ́γδε lígde	λῐ́γδω lígdō	λῐ́γδοι lígdoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “λίγδος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• λίγδος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN