λοιγός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lig-ós, from *leyg- (“illness”). Synchronically, an agent noun meaning "destroyer" from an unattested verb preserved in Lithuanian líegti (“to be ailing”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /loi̯.ɡós/ → /lyˈɣos/ → /liˈɣos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /loi̯.ɡós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /lyˈɡos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /lyˈɣos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /lyˈɣos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /liˈɣos/

Noun

λοιγός • (loigós) m (genitive λοιγοῦ); second declension

1. destruction, ruin

Declension

Second declension of ὁ λοιγός; τοῦ λοιγοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ λοιγός ho loigós	τὼ λοιγώ tṑ loigṓ	οἱ λοιγοί hoi loigoí
Genitive	τοῦ λοιγοῦ toû loigoû	τοῖν λοιγοῖν toîn loigoîn	τῶν λοιγῶν tôn loigôn
Dative	τῷ λοιγῷ tôi loigôi	τοῖν λοιγοῖν toîn loigoîn	τοῖς λοιγοῖς toîs loigoîs
Accusative	τὸν λοιγόν tòn loigón	τὼ λοιγώ tṑ loigṓ	τοὺς λοιγούς toùs loigoús
Vocative	λοιγέ loigé	λοιγώ loigṓ	λοιγοί loigoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Adjective

λοιγός • (loigós) m or f (neuter λοιγόν); second declension

1. Synonym of λοίγιος (loígios): deadly, pestilent (epithet of Mars (Ares)

Derived terms

• ἀθηρηλοιγός m (athērēloigós, “consumer of chaff”)
• βροτολοιγός (brotoloigós, “bane of man”)

 

Further reading

• “λοιγός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• λοιγός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “λοιγός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press