πίτα
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Attested in the pita or flatbread sense from 1107.
Dialectological maps show that in Central Italy one has pizza while in the North and Tuscany one has pinza. Only in South Apulia and Calabria one has pitta; this suggests a derivation from Latin pīnctus, pictus (“painted, smeared”) or pīnsum, pīnsitum, pistum (“pounded”), however the northern forms in Italy seem to be contaminated with pinzare (“to staple”). A form peta even coexists in some areas, and according to a different theory, the forms could be derived from an Ancient Greek feminine πηκτή (pēktḗ) of πηκτός (pēktós, “compacted, congealed”) or even from πήτεα (pḗtea, “bran”). While a relation to Lombardic bizzo (“bit, chunk”) is phonetically and semantically dubious, another suggested derivation is from Illyrian, Albanian pite, reflected also in Albanian petë (“layer”) and Romanian pată (“blotch, stain, macula”) and possibly Ancient Greek πιττάκιον (pittákion, “patch; tablet; ticket”) — a word only attested from the 5th century, first in the comic Δεινόλοχος — and derived from the Proto-Indo-European root from which Albanian pite (“gruel”) is inherited; but the substrate could also be Jewish Aramaic פִיתָּא (pītā, “piece of bread”), from Proto-Semitic related to crumbs, breaking into tranches, akin to Hebrew פַּת (paṯ, “bread”) and the Arabic forms in the root ف ت ت (f-t-t), also Tigre / Tigrinya / Amharic / Ge'ez ፈተተ (fätätä, “to break off to portion, to crumb”) with a well-developed root.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpi.ta/
Noun
[edit]πίτα • (píta) f (genitive πίτας); first declension
Descendants
[edit]- Modern Greek: πίτα (píta)
- → Aromanian: pitã
- → Bulgarian: пи́та (píta)
- → Ladino: pita
- → Macedonian: пита (pita)
- → Megleno-Romanian: pită
- → Ottoman Turkish: پیته (pite), پیده (pide) — colloquial
References
[edit]- πίτα - Babiniotis, Georgios (2010) Ετυμολογικό λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας Etymologikó lexikó tis néas ellinikís glóssas [Etymological Dictionary of Modern Greek language] (in Greek), Athens: Lexicology Centre
- Alinei, Mario (1963) “Gr. πήτϵα > it. pizza, it. mer. pitta”, in Romance Philology vol. XVII no.1, Berkeley: University of California, pages 108-110
- Kramer, Johannes (2012) Lateinisch-romanische Wortgeschichten. Herausgegeben von Michael Frings als Festgabe für Johannes Kramer zum 60. Geburtstag (in Italian), Stuttgart: ibidem, →ISBN, pages 149–162, particularly 155–156, 158
- Kriaras, Emmanuel ((Can we date this quote?)) Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100–1669 (in Greek), volumes I–XXVIII, page 320
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “pide”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- “pt”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Byzantine Greek πίτα (píta).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]πίτα • (píta) f (plural πίτες)
- pita, pie (type of pastry, flat unleavened bread usually used for making pies)
- (figuratively) pie (expressing a whole available for distribution)
- ένα μεγαλύτερο κομμάτι από την πίτα του εθνικού εισοδήματος
- éna megalýtero kommáti apó tin píta tou ethnikoú eisodímatos
- a bigger share of the pie of national income
- (slang) very drunk, stoned
- Γίνομαι πίτα στο μεθύσι. ― Gínomai píta sto methýsi. ― I become stoned from drinking.
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- βασιλόπιτα f (vasilópita, “king cake”)
- κολοκυθόπιτα f (kolokythópita, “courgette pie”)
- λουκανικόπιτα f (loukanikópita, “sausage pie”)
- πατσαβουρόπιτα f (patsavourópita, “cake with squashed phyllo”)
- πορτοκαλόπιτα f (portokalópita, “orange cake”)
- πρασόπιτα f (prasópita, “leek pie”)
- σπανακόπιτα f (spanakópita, “spinach pie”)
- τυρόπιτα f (tyrópita, “cheese pie”)
- χορτόπιτα f (chortópita, “greens pie”)
Descendants
[edit]- → Catalan: pita
- → Czech: pita
- → Danish: pita
- → Dutch: pita
- → English: pita
- → Finnish: pita
- → French: pita
- → German: Pita
- → Hebrew: פִּיתָּה (pī́tā)
- → Italian: pita
- → Ottoman Turkish: پیته (pite), پیده (pide) — colloquial
- → Persian: پیتا (pitâ)
- → Polish: pita
- → Portuguese: pita
- → Russian: пи́та (píta)
- → Slovak: pita
- → Spanish: pita
- → Swedish: pita
- → Ukrainian: пі́та (píta)
See also
[edit]- γλύκισμα n (glýkisma, “sweet, any kind of dessert”)
πίτα on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el
Further reading
[edit]- πίτα, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Latin
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