παράσιτος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From πᾰρᾰ́ (părắ, “beside”) +‎ σῖτος (sîtos, “wheat; corn”).

Compare typologically Russian нахле́бник (naxlébnik) (< хлеб (xleb)).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pa.rá.siː.tos/ → /paˈra.si.tos/ → /paˈra.si.tos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pa.rá.siː.tos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /paˈra.si.tos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /paˈra.si.tos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /paˈra.si.tos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /paˈra.si.tos/

Noun

πᾰρᾰ́σῑτος • (părắsītos) m (genitive πᾰρᾰσῑ́του); second declension

1. parasite (one who eats at the table of another)
2. priest who had his meal at the public expense
3. one who dines with a superior officer

Declension

Second declension of ὁ πᾰρᾰ́σῑτος; τοῦ πᾰρᾰσῑ́του (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πᾰρᾰ́σῑτος ho părắsītos	τὼ πᾰρᾰσῑ́τω tṑ părăsī́tō	οἱ πᾰρᾰ́σῑτοι hoi părắsītoi
Genitive	τοῦ πᾰρᾰσῑ́του toû părăsī́tou	τοῖν πᾰρᾰσῑ́τοιν toîn părăsī́toin	τῶν πᾰρᾰσῑ́των tôn părăsī́tōn
Dative	τῷ πᾰρᾰσῑ́τῳ tōî părăsī́tōi	τοῖν πᾰρᾰσῑ́τοιν toîn părăsī́toin	τοῖς πᾰρᾰσῑ́τοις toîs părăsī́tois
Accusative	τὸν πᾰρᾰ́σῑτον tòn părắsīton	τὼ πᾰρᾰσῑ́τω tṑ părăsī́tō	τοὺς πᾰρᾰσῑ́τους toùs părăsī́tous
Vocative	πᾰρᾰ́σῑτε părắsīte	πᾰρᾰσῑ́τω părăsī́tō	πᾰρᾰ́σῑτοι părắsītoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• πᾰρᾰσῑτέω (părăsītéō)
• πᾰρᾰσῑ́τησῐς (părăsī́tēsĭs)
• πᾰρᾰσῑτῐ́ᾱ (părăsītĭ́ā)
• πᾰρᾰσῑτῐκός (părăsītĭkós)
• πᾰρᾰσῑ́τῐον (părăsī́tĭon)

Descendants

• → Latin: parasītus
  • → English: parasite

Further reading

• “παράσιτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “παράσιτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• παράσιτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette