παῖς

See also: πάϊς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πᾰ́ῐ̈ς (pắĭ̈s) — Epic
• παῦς (paûs)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *pā́wits. Cognates include Latin puer, Sanskrit पु॒त्र (putrá, “son”), and Avestan 𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀 (puθra, “son”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pâi̯s/ → /ˈpɛs/ → /ˈpes/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pâi̯s/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛs/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛs/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpes/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpes/

Noun

παῖς • (paîs) m or f (genitive παιδός); third declension

1. child
2. slave
3. servant

Declension

Third declension of ὁ / ἡ παῖς; τοῦ / τῆς παιδός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ παῖς ho / hē paîs	τὼ παῖδε tṑ paîde	οἱ / αἱ παῖδες hoi / hai paîdes
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς παιδός toû / tês paidós	τοῖν παίδοιν toîn paídoin	τῶν παίδων tôn paídōn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ παιδῐ́ tōî / tēî paidĭ́	τοῖν παίδοιν toîn paídoin	τοῖς / ταῖς παισῐ́ / παισῐ́ν toîs / taîs paisĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν παῖδᾰ tòn / tḕn paîdă	τὼ παῖδε tṑ paîde	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς παῖδᾰς toùs / tā̀s paîdăs
Vocative	παῖ paî	παῖδε paîde	παῖδες paîdes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Third declension of παῖς; παιδός / παῖδος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	παῖς paîs	παῖδε paîde	παῖδες paîdes
Genitive	παιδός / παῖδος paidós / paîdos	παίδοιῐ̈ν paídoiĭ̈n	παίδων paídōn
Dative	παιδῐ́ / παῖδῐ paidĭ́ / paîdĭ	παίδοιῐ̈ν paídoiĭ̈n	παισῐ́ / παισῐ́ν / παίδεσῐ / παίδεσῐν / παίδεσσῐ / παίδεσσῐν paisĭ́(n) / paídesĭ(n) / paídessĭ(n)
Accusative	παῖδᾰ paîdă	παῖδε paîde	παῖδᾰς paîdăs
Vocative	παῖ paî	παῖδε paîde	παῖδες paîdes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Third declension of ὁ / ἡ παῖς; τοῦ / τῆς παιδός (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ παῖς ho / hē paîs	τὼ παῖδε tṑ paîde	οἱ / αἱ παῖδες hoi / hai paîdes
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς παιδός toû / tês paidós	τοῖν παίδοιν toîn paídoin	τῶν παίδων tôn paídōn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ παιδῐ́ tōî / tēî paidĭ́	τοῖν παίδοιν toîn paídoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν παισῐ́ / παισῐ́ν toîsĭ(n) paisĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν παῖδᾰ tòn / tḕn paîdă	τὼ παῖδε tṑ paîde	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς παῖδᾰς toùs / tā̀s paîdăs
Vocative	παῖ paî	παῖδε paîde	παῖδες paîdes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Derived terms

• ἁβρόπαις (habrópais)
• ἀγλαόπαις (aglaópais)
• ἀδελφόπαις (adelphópais)
• ᾱ̓είπαις (āeípais)
• ἀθλιόπαις (athliópais)
• ᾱ̓ῑ̈́παις (āī̈́pais)
• ἀνδραδελφόπαις (andradelphópais)
• ἀνδρειόπαις (andreiópais)
• ἀνδρόπαις (andrópais)
• ᾰ̓ντῐ́παις (ăntĭ́pais)
• ᾰ̓́παις (ắpais)
• ἁπαλόπαις (hapalópais)
• ἀριστόπαις (aristópais)
• ἀρρενόπαις (arrhenópais)
• ἀρσενόπαις (arsenópais)
• ἀρτίπαις (artípais)
• ἁτροπάμπαις (hatropámpais)
• αὐτόπαις (autópais)
• βοτρυόπαις (botruópais)
• βούπαις (boúpais)
• βροντόπαις (brontópais)
• γλυκόπαις (glukópais)
• γλυκύπαις (glukúpais)
• γονόπαις (gonópais)
• δειρόπαις (deirópais)
• διόπαις (diópais)
• δίπαις (dípais)
• δρυψόπαις (drupsópais)
• δύσπαις (dúspais)
• δωδεκάπαις (dōdekápais)
• ἐλευθερόπαις (eleutherópais)
• ἔμπαις (émpais)
• ἑπτάπαις (heptápais)
• εὔπαις (eúpais)
• εὐφιλόπαις (euphilópais)
• ἡλιόπαις (hēliópais)
• θαλασσόπαις (thalassópais)
• θεόπαις (theópais)
• θηλύπαις (thēlúpais)
• θυγατρόπαις (thugatrópais)
• ἰσόπαις (isópais)
• κᾰλλῐ́παις (kăllĭ́pais)
• κατάπαις (katápais)
• κλυτόπαις (klutópais)
• λαίσπαις (laíspais)
• λαόπαις (laópais)
• λιπόπαις (lipópais)
• μελίπαις (melípais)
• μελλόπαις (mellópais)
• μητρόπαις (mētrópais)
• μισόπαις (misópais)
• μονόπαις (monópais)
• ξανθόπαις (xanthópais)
• ὀβριμόπαις (obrimópais)
• ὀλιγόπαις (oligópais)
• ὁμόπαις (homópais)
• ὀρνιθόπαις (ornithópais)
• οὐρανόπαις (ouranópais)
• παίγνῐον (paígnĭon)
• παιδᾰγωγός (paidăgōgós)
• παιδάδελφος (paidádelphos)
• παιδάκιον (paidákion)
• παιδάριον (paidárion)
• παίδειος (paídeios)
• παιδεῖος (paideîos)
• παιδερᾰστής (paiderăstḗs)
• παιδέρως (paidérōs)
• παιδεύω (paideúō)
• παιδιά (paidiá)
• παιδιακός (paidiakós)
• παιδῐκός (paidĭkós)
• παιδῐ́ον (paidĭ́on)
• παιδίσκη (paidískē)
• παιδιστί (paidistí)
• παιδνός (paidnós)
• παιδοβόρος (paidobóros)
• παιδοβοσκός (paidoboskós)
• παιδοβρώς (paidobrṓs)
• παιδόβρωτος (paidóbrōtos)
• παιδογονῐ́ᾱ (paidogonĭ́ā)
• παιδογόνος (paidogónos)
• παιδογραφία (paidographía)
• παιδοδῐδᾰ́σκᾰλος (paidodĭdắskălos)
• παιδόεις (paidóeis)
• παιδόθεν (paidóthen)
• παιδοθετέω (paidothetéō)
• παιδοκλέπτης (paidokléptēs)
• παιδοκόμος (paidokómos)
• παιδοκόρᾰξ (paidokórăx)
• παιδοκρᾰ́τωρ (paidokrắtōr)
• παιδοκτόνος (paidoktónos)
• παιδολετήρ (paidoletḗr)
• παιδολέτωρ (paidolétōr)
• παιδολογία (paidología)
• παιδολυμάς (paidolumás)
• παιδομαθής (paidomathḗs)
• παιδομανής (paidomanḗs)
• παιδομήτωρ (paidomḗtōr)
• παιδομιξία (paidomixía)
• παιδονόμος (paidonómos)
• παιδόπαις (paidópais)
• παιδοπίπης (paidopípēs)
• παιδοπνίκτρια (paidopníktria)
• παιδοποιός (paidopoiós)
• παιδοπόρος (paidopóros)
• παιδόπουλον (paidópoulon)
• παιδοσπόρος (paidospóros)
• παιδοσύνη (paidosúnē)
• παιδοσφαγία (paidosphagía)
• παιδοτέκνωσις (paidotéknōsis)
• παιδοτόκος (paidotókos)
• παιδοτρῐ́βης (paidotrĭ́bēs)
• παιδοτρόφος (paidotróphos)
• παιδότρωτος (paidótrōtos)
• παιδουργός (paidourgós)
• παιδοῦς (paidoûs)
• παιδοφάγος (paidophágos)
• παιδοφθόρος (paidophthóros)
• παιδοφίλης (paidophílēs)
• παιδόφῐλος (paidóphĭlos)
• παιδοφονεύς (paidophoneús)
• παιδοφόνος (paidophónos)
• παιδοφορέω (paidophoréō)
• παιδοφῠ́λᾰξ (paidophŭ́lăx)
• παιδύλλιον (paidúllion)
• παίδωσις (paídōsis)
• παίζω (paízō)
• πᾰ́ῐ̈λλος (pắĭ̈llos)
• παλίμπαις (palímpais)
• παμπαιδί (pampaidí)
• πάμπαις (pámpais)
• πεντηκοντάπαις (pentēkontápais)
• πεντηκοντόπαις (pentēkontópais)
• πολύπαις (polúpais)
• πορφυρανθόπαις (porphuranthópais)
• πρᾱτόπαις (prātópais)
• πρατοπάμπαις (pratopámpais)
• προβουλόπαις (proboulópais)
• πρόπαις (própais)
• πρωτόπαις (prōtópais)
• πυρίπαις (purípais)
• ταρταρόπαις (tartarópais)
• τρίπαις (trípais)
• φιλοβούπαις (philoboúpais)
• φιλόπαις (philópais)
• χθονόπαις (khthonópais)
• ὡριόπαις (hōriópais)

Descendants

• Greek: παιδί (paidí), -παις (-pais)

Further reading

• “παῖς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “παῖς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “παῖς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• παῖς in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• “παῖς”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G3816 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • babe idem, page 57.
  • boy idem, page 92.
  • child idem, page 129.
  • damsel idem, page 194.
  • daughter idem, page 196.
  • family idem, page 305.
  • girl idem, page 359.
  • lad idem, page 473.
  • maid idem, page 507.
  • minor idem, page 531.
  • offspring idem, page 571.
  • progeny idem, page 653.
  • scullion idem, page 743.
  • slave idem, page 782.
  • son idem, page 793.
  • varlet idem, page 944.
  • virgin idem, page 954.
• παῖς, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011