σάνδυξ

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sán.dyks/ → /ˈsan.dyks/ → /ˈsan.diks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sán.dyks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsan.dyks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsan.dyks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsan.dyks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsan.diks/

Etymology 1

Akin to Arabic سُنْدُس (sundus), Old Armenian սնդուս (sndus), Iranian loanwords related to Middle Persian [script needed] (sndws, “a silk (or brocade) garment”), Sogdian [script needed] (sndws /⁠sandus⁠/, “a silk wear”), Sanskrit सिन्दूर (sindūra, “red lead”), maybe also with σανδαράκη (sandarákē). Likely spread through an Anatolian form; Liddell suggesting that they all ultimate originate in Akkadian 𒉌𒌓𒍝𒄢 (NA₄.GUG /⁠sāmtu, sāntu, sāndu⁠/, “red stone, carnelian, cinnabar”).

Noun

σάνδυξ • (sándux) f (genitive σάνδῠκος or σάνδῡκος); third declension

1. bright red mineral colorant from red lead

   Synonyms: μίλτος (míltos), Συρικόν (Surikón)

2. (in the plural) flesh coloured women's garment dyed with this colorant
3. kind of salve

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ σάνδυξ; τῆς σάνδυκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σάνδυξ hē sándux	τὼ σάνδυκε tṑ sánduke	αἱ σάνδυκες hai sándukes
Genitive	τῆς σάνδυκος tês sándukos	τοῖν σανδύκοιν toîn sandúkoin	τῶν σανδύκων tôn sandúkōn
Dative	τῇ σάνδυκῐ têi sánduki	τοῖν σανδύκοιν toîn sandúkoin	ταῖς σάνδυξῐ / σάνδυξῐν taîs sánduxi(n)
Accusative	τὴν σάνδυκᾰ tḕn sánduka	τὼ σάνδυκε tṑ sánduke	τᾱ̀ς σάνδυκᾰς tā̀s sándukas
Vocative	σάνδυξ sándux	σάνδυκε sánduke	σάνδυκες sándukes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• σανδύκινος (sandúkinos)
• σανδύκιον (sandúkion)
• σανδών (sandṓn)

 

Descendants

• → Latin: sandix
  • → English: sandix

Etymology 2

According to Beekes, from Pre-Greek, possibly related to σενδούκη (sendoúkē) of which he makes a similar claim. Potential connection to σῠνθήκη (sunthḗkē), possibly even a re-borrowing from an eastern source like Aramaic צנדוקא (ṣndūḳā).

Noun

σάνδυξ • (sándux) f (genitive σάνδῠκος or σάνδῡκος); third declension

1. kind of casket, box

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ σάνδυξ; τῆς σάνδυκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σάνδυξ hē sándux	τὼ σάνδυκε tṑ sánduke	αἱ σάνδυκες hai sándukes
Genitive	τῆς σάνδυκος tês sándukos	τοῖν σανδύκοιν toîn sandúkoin	τῶν σανδύκων tôn sandúkōn
Dative	τῇ σάνδυκῐ têi sánduki	τοῖν σανδύκοιν toîn sandúkoin	ταῖς σάνδυξῐ / σάνδυξῐν taîs sánduxi(n)
Accusative	τὴν σάνδυκᾰ tḕn sánduka	τὼ σάνδυκε tṑ sánduke	τᾱ̀ς σάνδυκᾰς tā̀s sándukas
Vocative	σάνδυξ sándux	σάνδυκε sánduke	σάνδυκες sándukes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “σάνδυξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σάνδυξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN