σκύφος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• (skull): σκύπφος (skúpphos)

Etymology

Unknown, perhaps Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ský.pʰos/ → /ˈscy.ɸos/ → /ˈsci.fos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ský.pʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsky.pʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈscy.ɸos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈscy.fos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsci.fos/

Noun

σκῠ́φος • (skúphos) m (genitive σκῠ́φου); second declension
σκῠ́φος • (skúphos) n (genitive σκῠ́φεος or σκῠ́φους); third declension

1. a cup or can, especially one used by peasants
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.112
   • 540 BCE – 450 BCE, Epicharmus, Collected Works 83
   • 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 390
     , 411, 256, 556,
   • 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 146
   • Epig. 3
   • 375 BCE – 275 BCE, Alexis 130
   • 450 BCE – 350 BCE, Archippus 7
   • Alcm. 34
   • Anacr. 82
   • 556 BCE – 468 BCE, Simonides, Fragmenta 246
   • 500 BCE – 400 BCE, Bacchylides, Fr. 17
   • Sophr. 15
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 7.1324b.17
   1. of wooden milk-vessels
      • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Theocritus, Collected Works 1.143
      • 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 390
      • 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 146
2. (perhaps) a skull
   • PMag.Par. 1.1996

Declension

Second declension of ὁ σκῠ́φος; τοῦ σκῠ́φου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σκῠ́φος ho skúphos	τὼ σκῠ́φω tṑ skúphō	οἱ σκῠ́φοι hoi skúphoi
Genitive	τοῦ σκῠ́φου toû skúphou	τοῖν σκῠ́φοιν toîn skúphoin	τῶν σκῠ́φων tôn skúphōn
Dative	τῷ σκῠ́φῳ tôi skúphōi	τοῖν σκῠ́φοιν toîn skúphoin	τοῖς σκῠ́φοις toîs skúphois
Accusative	τὸν σκῠ́φον tòn skúphon	τὼ σκῠ́φω tṑ skúphō	τοὺς σκῠ́φους toùs skúphous
Vocative	σκῠ́φε skúphe	σκῠ́φω skúphō	σκῠ́φοι skúphoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of τὸ σκῠ́φος; τοῦ σκῠ́φους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σκῠ́φος tò skúphos	τὼ σκῠ́φει tṑ skúphei	τᾰ̀ σκῠ́φη tà skúphē
Genitive	τοῦ σκῠ́φους toû skúphous	τοῖν σκῠφοῖν toîn skuphoîn	τῶν σκῠφῶν tôn skuphôn
Dative	τῷ σκῠ́φει tôi skúphei	τοῖν σκῠφοῖν toîn skuphoîn	τοῖς σκῠ́φεσῐ / σκῠ́φεσῐν toîs skúphesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ σκῠ́φος tò skúphos	τὼ σκῠ́φει tṑ skúphei	τᾰ̀ σκῠ́φη tà skúphē
Vocative	σκῠ́φος skúphos	σκῠ́φει skúphei	σκῠ́φη skúphē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• σκυφών (skuphṓn)
• σκῠφάρῐον (skuphárion)
• σκῠ́φειος (skúpheios)
• σκῠφίδῐον (skuphídion)
• σκῠφοειδής (skuphoeidḗs)
• σκῠφοκώνακτος (skuphokṓnaktos)
• σκῠ́φωμᾰ (skúphōma)
• σκῠφῐ́ον (skuphíon)

 

Descendants

• ⇒ Translingual: Austroscyphus, Scyphozoa
• → Classical Syriac: ܐܣܩܦܐ (ʾesqəp̄āʾ)
  • → Old Armenian: սկահ (skah)
    • → Armenian: սկահ (skah) (learned)
    • →? Georgian: სკა (sḳa)
• → Latin: scyphus
  • → Catalan: escif (learned)
  • Sicilian: scifu
  • → English: scyphus

Further reading

• “σκύφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σκύφος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• σκύφος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • cup idem, page 189.
  • goblet idem, page 365.