τάγχουρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἄγχουρος (ánkhouros), τάγχαρας (tánkharas)

Etymology

In view of the variations, the word is of Pre-Greek origin, with the characteristic Pre-Greek sequence *-arʷ- realised as -ουρ- or -αρ- in the different variants.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /táŋ.kʰuː.ros/ → /ˈtaŋ.xu.ros/ → /ˈtaŋ.xu.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /táŋ.kʰuː.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtaŋ.kʰu.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈtaŋ.xu.ros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈtaŋ.xu.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈtaŋ.xu.ros/

Noun

τάγχουρος • (tánkhouros) m (genitive ταγχούρου); second declension

1. gold

   Synonym: χρυσός (khrusós)

   • c. 550 CE, Cosmas Indicopleustes, “III. Nubia et Aethiopia”, in Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae (W. Dittenberger, 1903)‎^[1], section 199.35, page 296:

     αὕτη ἡ Σάσου χώρα ὑστάτη ἐστὶν τῶν Αἰθιόπων, ἔνθα καὶ πολὺ χρυσίον ἐστίν, τὸ λεγόμενον τάγχαρας

     haútē hē Sásou khṓra hustátē estìn tôn Aithiópōn, éntha kaì polù khrusíon estín, tò legómenon tánkharas

     this land of Sasou is further away than Ethiopia, and there is much gold there, the so called "tancharas"

Usage notes

The irregular genitive τάγχρου (tánkhrou) has been suggested by Liddel and Scott to be considered for the occurrence in Anthologia Palatina, Book XV, Chapter 25 (Besantinus), line 7.

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ τάγχουρος; τοῦ ταγχούρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ τάγχουρος ho tánkhouros	τὼ ταγχούρω tṑ tankhoúrō	οἱ τάγχουροι hoi tánkhouroi
Genitive	τοῦ ταγχούρου toû tankhoúrou	τοῖν ταγχούροιν toîn tankhoúroin	τῶν ταγχούρων tôn tankhoúrōn
Dative	τῷ ταγχούρῳ tôi tankhoúrōi	τοῖν ταγχούροιν toîn tankhoúroin	τοῖς ταγχούροις toîs tankhoúrois
Accusative	τὸν τάγχουρον tòn tánkhouron	τὼ ταγχούρω tṑ tankhoúrō	τοὺς ταγχούρους toùs tankhoúrous
Vocative	τάγχουρε tánkhoure	ταγχούρω tankhoúrō	τάγχουροι tánkhouroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Note the possibility of the irregular singular genitive τάγχρου (tánkhrou) (see Usage Notes)

Further reading

• “τάγχουρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• τάγχουρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN