дебна

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *debnǫti, cognate with Macedonian демне (demne)/дебне (debne).

Written as дѣбнѫ (děbnǫ) in Gerov's dictionary (Vol. 1: 388), probably under the influence of the similar sounding Bulgarian дябам (djabam, “to seek advantage, to infiltrate”).

Pronunciation

• де́бна: IPA^(key): [ˈdɛbnɐ] (lemma, aorist)
• дебна́: IPA^(key): [dɛbˈna] (aorist only)

Verb

де́бна • (débna) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (intransitive) to stalk, to lie in wait (for something or somebody), to be on the lookout for something, to be on the prowl, to shadow
2. (transitive) to ambush
3. (transitive) to watch, to keep a close watch on

   Synonym: наблюдавам (nabljudavam)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of де́бна (conjugation 1.2, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	де́бнещ débnešt	де́бнал, дебна́л1 débnal, debnál1	де́бнел débnel	—		де́бнейки débnejki
	definite subject form	де́бнещият débneštijat	де́бналият, дебна́лият1 débnalijat, debnálijat1	—	—
	definite object form	де́бнещия débneštija	де́бналия, дебна́лия1 débnalija, debnálija1	—	—
feminine	indefinite	де́бнеща débnešta	де́бнала, дебна́ла1 débnala, debnála1	де́бнела débnela	—
	definite	де́бнещата débneštata	де́бналата, дебна́лата1 débnalata, debnálata1	—	—
neuter	indefinite	де́бнещо débnešto	де́бнало, дебна́ло1 débnalo, debnálo1	де́бнело débnelo	—	де́бнене débnene
	definite	де́бнещото débneštoto	де́бналото, дебна́лото1 débnaloto, debnáloto1	—	—	де́бненето débneneto
plural	indefinite	де́бнещи débnešti	де́бнали, дебна́ли1 débnali, debnáli1	де́бнели débneli	—	де́бнения, де́бненета débnenija, débneneta
	definite	де́бнещите débneštite	де́бналите, дебна́лите1 débnalite, debnálite1	—	—	де́бненията, де́бненетата débnenijata, débnenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		де́бна débna	де́бнеш débneš	де́бне débne	де́бнем débnem	де́бнете débnete	де́бнат débnat
imperfect		де́бнех débneh	де́бнеше débneše	де́бнеше débneše	де́бнехме débnehme	де́бнехте débnehte	де́бнеха débneha
aorist		де́бнах, дебна́х1 débnah, debnáh1	де́бна, дебна́1 débna, debná1	де́бна, дебна́1 débna, debná1	де́бнахме, дебна́хме1 débnahme, debnáhme1	де́бнахте, дебна́хте1 débnahte, debnáhte1	де́бнаха, дебна́ха1 débnaha, debnáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and де́бнел m, де́бнела f, де́бнело n, or де́бнели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and де́бнел m, де́бнела f, де́бнело n, or де́бнели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and де́бнел m, де́бнела f, де́бнело n, or де́бнели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and де́бнал/дебна́л1 m, де́бнала/дебна́ла1 f, де́бнало/дебна́ло1 n, or де́бнали/дебна́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			дебни́ dební			дебне́те debnéte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• задебна (zadebna, “to get stalking”)
• издебна (izdebna, “to find the right moment to act/charge”)
• подебна (podebna, “to stalk for a while”)
• предебна (predebna, “to ambush”)
• дебнешком (debneškom, “secretly, stealthy”)

Related terms

• дебя (debja, “to pray, to hunt upon (stealthily)”)

References

• “дебна”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дебна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 329

Further reading

• L. Kurkina (1976) “Изоглассные связи южнославянской лексики. II”, in Этимология 2‎^[1], pages 17-31: “*deběti: болг. дѐба, -иш, дѐбна 'подстерегать, выслеживать'”

Verb

де́бна or дебна́ • (débna or debná)

1. second-person singular aorist indicative of де́бна (débna)
2. third-person singular aorist indicative of де́бна (débna)