квас
Belarusian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Ruthenian квасъ (kvas), from Old East Slavic квасъ (kvasŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]квас • (kvas) m inan (genitive ква́су, nominative plural квасы́, genitive plural квасо́ў)
- kvass (a type of fermented no- or low-alcohol beverage, made from bread, often flavored with fruit)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | квас kvas |
квасы́ kvasý |
| genitive | ква́су kvásu |
квасо́ў kvasów |
| dative | ква́су kvásu |
кваса́м kvasám |
| accusative | квас kvas |
квасы́ kvasý |
| instrumental | ква́сам kvásam |
кваса́мі kvasámi |
| locative | ква́се kvásje |
кваса́х kvasáx |
| count form | — | ква́сы1 kvásy1 |
1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
References
[edit]- “квас” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
- "квас" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum
Bulgarian
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [kvas]
Audio (Standard Bulgarian): (file) - Rhymes: -as
Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.
Noun
[edit]квас • (kvas) m or f (relational adjective ква́сен)
- leaven, yeast, barm (a catalyst that causes fermentation)
- Synonym: ферме́нт (fermént)
- пи́вен квас ― píven kvas ― brew's yeast
- си́рен квас ― síren kvas ― ferment for cheese-making
- кли́сав квас ― klísav kvas ― dough's leaven
- sourdough (dough leavened with yeast)
- (dated) a type of ritual
Declension
[edit]| singular | |
|---|---|
| indefinite | квас kvas |
| definite (subject form) |
ква́сът kvásăt |
| definite (object form) |
ква́са kvása |
Dialectally:
| singular | |
|---|---|
| indefinite | квас kvas |
| definite | кваста́ kvastá |
Alternative forms
[edit]- ква́са f (kvása)
Derived terms
[edit]- (instrumental noun) кваса́р (kvasár)
- (product) ква́сеница (kvásenica)
- (instrumental noun) ква́сник (kvásnik)
- (causative-iterative) ква́ся (kvásja)
Related terms
[edit]- ки́сел (kísel, “sour”)
References
[edit]- “квас¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “квас”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1897), “квасъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 359
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “квас¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 308
- “квасъ”, in Старобългарски речник [Dictionary of Old Bulgarian] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2026
Etymology 2
[edit]
Borrowed from Russian квас (kvas), cognate to the native term.
Noun
[edit]квас • (kvas) m
- (uncountable) kvass (a type of fermented no- or low-alcohol beverage, made from bread, often flavoured with fruit)
- (countable) a bottle/glass of kvass
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | квас kvas |
ква́сове kvásove |
| definite (subject form) |
ква́сът kvásăt |
ква́совете kvásovete |
| definite (object form) |
ква́са kvása | |
| count form | — | ква́са kvása |
References
[edit]- “квас²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “квас²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 309
Macedonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]квас • (kvas) m
Declension
[edit]| singular | |
|---|---|
| indefinite | квас (kvas) |
| definite unspecified | квасот (kvasot) |
| definite proximal | квасов (kvasov) |
| definite distal | квасон (kvason) |
| vocative | квасу (kvasu) |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “квас” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
Pannonian Rusyn
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Slovak kvas, from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]квас (kvas) m inan (relational adjective квасови)
- yeast
- цесто на квасу ― cesto na kvasu ― sourdough (literally, “dough on yeast”)
- kvass (fermented non-alcoholic beverage)
- Near-synonym: (obsolete) циберей (ciberej)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | квас (kvas) | кваси (kvasi) |
| genitive | квасу (kvasu) | квасох (kvasox) |
| dative | квасу (kvasu) | квасом (kvasom) |
| accusative | квас (kvas) | кваси (kvasi) |
| instrumental | квасом (kvasom) | квасами (kvasami) |
| locative | квасу (kvasu) | квасох (kvasox) |
| vocative | квасу (kvasu) | кваси (kvasi) |
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M. (1995), “квасац”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Сербско-руски словнїк [Serbian-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (А – Њ), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 513
- Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “квас”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 369
- Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “yeast”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 384
Russian
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]- квасъ (kvas) — pre-1918 spelling
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old East Slavic квасъ (kvasŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ (“leaven, fermented drink”).
Cognate with Latin cāseus whence English cheese, and Sanskrit क्वथ् (kvath, “to boil”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [kvas]
Audio (Saint Petersburg): (file) - Rhymes: -as
Noun
[edit]квас • (kvas) m inan (genitive ква́са, nominative plural квасы́, genitive plural квасо́в, relational adjective квасно́й, diminutive квасо́к)
- kvass (a type of fermented no- or low-alcohol beverage, made from bread, often flavored with fruit)
- 1790, Александр Радищев [Alexander Radishchev], “Подберезье”, in Путешествие из Петербурга в Москву; English translation from Leo Wiener, transl., A Journey From St. Petersburg to Moscow, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1958:
- Приве́тливый вид, взгляд неро́бкий, ве́жливая оса́нка, каза́лось, некста́ти бы́ли к дли́нному полукафта́нью и к прима́занным ква́сом волоса́м.
- Privétlivyj vid, vzgljad neróbkij, véžlivaja osánka, kazálosʹ, nekstáti býli k dlínnomu polukaftánʹju i k primázannym kvásom volosám.
- His friendly appearance, frank expression, and polite manner seemed out of keeping with his long coat and hair slicked down with kvas.
- 1833, Александр Пушкин [Alexander Pushkin], “Глава 2. XXXV”, in Евгений Онегин; English translation from Stanley Mitchell, transl., Eugene Onegin, London: Penguin Books, 2008:
- Им квас как во́здух был потре́бен,
И за столо́м у них гостя́м
Носи́ли блю́да по чина́м.- Im kvas kak vózdux byl potrében,
I za stolóm u nix gostjám
Nosíli bljúda po činám. - They needed kvas like air for living;
And at their table guests were served
With dishes, as their rank deserved.
- Im kvas kak vózdux byl potrében,
- 1939, “Хлебный квас”, in Книга о вкусной и здоровой пище, Москва, Ленинград: Пищепромиздат; English translation from The Book of Tasty and Healthy Food, (Please provide a date or year):
- Хоро́ший квас для окро́шки мо́жно пригото́вить из сухо́го ква́са, кото́рый выраба́тывают пивова́ренные заво́ды.
- Xoróšij kvas dlja okróški móžno prigotóvitʹ iz suxóvo kvása, kotóryj vyrabátyvajut pivovárennyje zavódy.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- квасно́й (kvasnój)
Related terms
[edit]- ква́сить impf (kvásitʹ), заква́сить pf (zakvásitʹ), расква́сить pf (raskvásitʹ)
- заква́ска f (zakváska)
- квашня́ f (kvašnjá)
- кисе́ль m (kisélʹ)
- ки́слый (kíslyj)
Descendants
[edit]- → Armenian: կվաս (kvas)
- → Chinese: 格瓦斯 (géwǎsī), 卡瓦斯 (kǎwǎsī)
- → English: kvass
- → German: Kwass
- → Japanese: クワス (kuwasu)
- → Korean: 크바스 (keubaseu)
- → Norwegian Bokmål: kvass
- → Romanian: cvas
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: kvass
- → Plautdietsch: Kwauss
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Yakut: кыбаас (kïbaas)
- → Uyghur: كۇۋاس (kuwas)
References
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “квас”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “квас”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 391
Further reading
[edit]- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “квас”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ква̑с m inan (Latin spelling kvȃs)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | квас | квасови |
| genitive | кваса | квасова |
| dative | квасу | квасовима |
| accusative | квас | квасове |
| vocative | квасе | квасови |
| locative | квасу | квасовима |
| instrumental | квасом | квасовима |
Further reading
[edit]- “квас”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Russian квас (kvas).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ква̑с m inan (Latin spelling kvȃs)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ква̑с | ква̏сови |
| genitive | кваса | квасова |
| dative | квасу | квасовима |
| accusative | квас | квасове |
| vocative | квасе | квасови |
| locative | квасу | квасовима |
| instrumental | квасом | квасовима |
Further reading
[edit]- “квас”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026
Ukrainian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Ruthenian квасъ (kvas), from Old East Slavic квасъ (kvasŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ (“leaven, fermented drink”).
Cognate with Latin cāseus whence English cheese, and Sanskrit क्वथ् (kvath, “to boil”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]квас • (kvas) m inan (genitive ква́су, nominative plural кваси́, genitive plural квасі́в, relational adjective квасни́й, diminutive квасо́к)
- kvass (a type of fermented no- or low-alcohol beverage, made from bread, often flavored with fruit)
- Synonym: сиріве́ць (syrivécʹ)
- leaven
- (chemistry) acid
- Synonym: кислота (kyslota)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | квас kvas |
кваси́ kvasý |
| genitive | ква́су kvásu |
квасі́в kvasív |
| dative | ква́сові, ква́су kvásovi, kvásu |
кваса́м kvasám |
| accusative | квас kvas |
кваси́ kvasý |
| instrumental | ква́сом kvásom |
кваса́ми kvasámy |
| locative | ква́сі kvási |
кваса́х kvasáx |
| vocative | ква́се kváse |
кваси́ kvasý |
Derived terms
[edit]- ква́сити (kvásyty), заква́сити (zakvásyty)
Related terms
[edit]- ки́слий (kýslyj)
- Belarusian terms inherited from Old Ruthenian
- Belarusian terms derived from Old Ruthenian
- Belarusian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Belarusian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Belarusian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Belarusian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Belarusian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Belarusian terms with audio pronunciation
- Belarusian lemmas
- Belarusian nouns
- Belarusian masculine nouns
- Belarusian inanimate nouns
- Belarusian hard masculine-form nouns
- Belarusian hard masculine-form accent-c nouns
- Belarusian nouns with accent pattern c
- be:Beverages
- Bulgarian 1-syllable words
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/as
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/as/1 syllable
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kweth₂-
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian masculine nouns
- Bulgarian feminine nouns
- Bulgarian nouns with multiple genders
- Bulgarian terms with usage examples
- Bulgarian dated terms
- Bulgarian terms borrowed from Russian
- Bulgarian terms derived from Russian
- Bulgarian uncountable nouns
- Bulgarian countable nouns
- bg:Beverages
- bg:Foods
- bg:Fungi
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian 1-syllable words
- Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macedonian oxytone terms
- Macedonian terms with audio pronunciation
- Macedonian lemmas
- Macedonian nouns
- Macedonian masculine nouns
- Macedonian singularia tantum
- mk:Foods
- Pannonian Rusyn terms inherited from Old Slovak
- Pannonian Rusyn terms derived from Old Slovak
- Pannonian Rusyn terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Pannonian Rusyn terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Pannonian Rusyn 1-syllable words
- Pannonian Rusyn terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Pannonian Rusyn/as
- Rhymes:Pannonian Rusyn/as/1 syllable
- Pannonian Rusyn lemmas
- Pannonian Rusyn nouns
- Pannonian Rusyn masculine nouns
- Pannonian Rusyn inanimate nouns
- Pannonian Rusyn terms with collocations
- rsk:Beverages
- rsk:Fungi
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian 1-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Russian/as
- Rhymes:Russian/as/1 syllable
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
- Russian masculine nouns
- Russian inanimate nouns
- Russian terms with quotations
- Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns
- Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-c nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern c
- ru:Beverages
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine inanimate nouns
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- Serbo-Croatian inanimate nouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms with archaic senses
- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Russian
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- sh:Beverages
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Old Ruthenian
- Ukrainian terms derived from Old Ruthenian
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian terms with audio pronunciation
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian nouns
- Ukrainian masculine nouns
- Ukrainian inanimate nouns
- uk:Chemistry
- Ukrainian hard masculine-form nouns
- Ukrainian hard masculine-form accent-c nouns
- Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern c
- uk:Beverages
