кукуруза

Russian

Etymology

Uncertain. Cognate with Ukrainian кукуру́(д)з (kukurú(d)z), кукуру́(д)за (kukurú(d)za), Bulgarian кукуру́з (kukurúz), кукума́ра (kukumára), кукура́тка (kukurátka), Serbo-Croatian куку̀руз, Slovene kukuruza, kukorica, koruza, Polish kukurudza, kukurydza. German Kukuruz was borrowed from Serbo-Croatian, but the West Slavic terms have in turn been considered borrowings from German.

The suggestion of a Slavic origin and a relationship to Serbo-Croatian kukurek (“hellebore”) and Bulgarian кукуря́к (kukurják, “hellebore”), Slovene kukurjav, kukurjast (“curled”) does not explain the word-form difficulties (-z-). Compare Bulgarian момору́з (momorúz), моморо́з (momoróz, “corn, maize”), мамалига (mamaliga, “hominy”).

If the source were Romanian cucuruz, it should have originally had the meaning of "pine cones".

A noteworthy hypothesis for the source of "kukuru" is a word used for calling poultry for their feeding (with corn/maize).

The explanation that the term is a loanword from Ottoman Turkish قوقوروز‎ (kokoroz), ultimately from Albanian *kokërrëz, from kokërr, remains frequently cited, but derivation from Turkic kokoros (“corn, maize”) was refuted by F. Miklošič and F. E. Korsch.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kʊkʊˈruzə]

Noun

кукуру́за • (kukurúza) f inan (genitive кукуру́зы, nominative plural кукуру́зы, genitive plural кукуру́з, relational adjective кукуру́зный)

1. corn, maize, Indian corn

   Synonym: маи́с (maís)

Declension

Declension of кукуру́за (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	кукуру́за kukurúza	кукуру́зы kukurúzy
genitive	кукуру́зы kukurúzy	кукуру́з kukurúz
dative	кукуру́зе kukurúze	кукуру́зам kukurúzam
accusative	кукуру́зу kukurúzu	кукуру́зы kukurúzy
instrumental	кукуру́зой, кукуру́зою kukurúzoj, kukurúzoju	кукуру́зами kukurúzami
prepositional	кукуру́зе kukurúze	кукуру́зах kukurúzax

Derived terms

• зубови́дная кукуру́за (zubovídnaja kukurúza, “dent corn”)
• кремни́стая кукуру́за (kremnístaja kukurúza, “flint corn”)
• ло́пающаяся кукуру́за (lópajuščajasja kukurúza, “popcorn corn”)
• пле́нчатая кукуру́за (plénčataja kukurúza, “pod corn”)
• са́харная кукуру́за (sáxarnaja kukurúza, “sweet corn”)

Related terms

• кукуру́зник (kukurúznik)

Descendants

• → Armenian: կուկուռուզ (kukuṙuz)
• → Kildin Sami: кукуруза (kukuruza)

See also

• никстамализа́ция f (nikstamalizácija)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кукуруза”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kukurǔːza/
• Hyphenation: ку‧ку‧ру‧за

Noun

кукуру́за f (Latin spelling kukurúza)

1. cornbread

Declension

Declension of кукуруза

	singular	plural
nominative	кукуруза	кукурузе
genitive	кукурузе	кукуруза
dative	кукурузи	кукурузама
accusative	кукурузу	кукурузе
vocative	кукурузо	кукурузе
locative	кукурузи	кукурузама
instrumental	кукурузом	кукурузама