עבד

Aramaic

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ʿabd-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕbæd/

Verb

עבד • (transliteration needed)

1. to do, to make
2. to serve, to slave

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Hebrew

Etymology

Root
ע־ב־ד (ʿ-b-d)

From Proto-Semitic *ʿabd-. Synchronically formed from the root ע־ב־ד (`-b-d) pertaining to work.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈeved/

Noun

עֶבֶד • ('éved) m (plural indefinite עֲבָדִים, singular construct עֶבֶד־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. A slave, a serf.
2. (archaic) A servant, a worshipper (of God).
3. (BDSM) A slave, a submissive.

Declension

Declension of עֶבֶד

Number	Isolated forms		With possessive pronouns
	State	Form	Person	singular		plural
				m.	f.	m.	f.
singular	indefinite	עֶבֶד	first	עַבְדִּי		עַבְדֵּנוּ
	definite	הָעֶבֶד	second	עַבְדְּךָ	עַבְדֵּךְ	עַבְדְּכֶם	עַבְדְּכֶן
	construct	עֶבֶד־	third	עַבְדּוֹ	עַבְדָּהּ	עַבְדָּם	עַבְדָּן
plural	indefinite	עֲבָדִים	first	עבדיי / עֲבָדַי		עֲבָדֵינוּ
	definite	הָעֲבָדִים	second	עֲבָדֶיךָ	עבדייך / עֲבָדַיִךְ	עַבְדֵיכֶם	עַבְדֵיכֶן
	construct	עַבְדֵי־	third	עֲבָדָיו	עֲבָדֶיהָ	עַבְדֵיהֶם	עַבְדֵיהֶן

See also

• אָמָה (amá) (female counterpart)
• שִׁפְחָה (shifḥá) (female counterpart)

Verb

עָבַד • (avád) (pa'al construction)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔaˈvad/
• Homophone: אבד

1. to work, labor
2. to work, operate, function

   הַטֶּלֶוִיזְיָה הַזּאֹת עוֹבֶדֶת?

   Does this TV work?

3. to work on, convince, improve
4. to worship

Conjugation

Conjugation of עָבַד (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 

non-finite forms		to-infinitive: לעבוד / לַעֲבֹד action noun: עֲבוֹדָה passive participle: —
finite forms		singular		plural
		m.	f.	m.	f.
past	first	עָבַדְתִּי		עָבַדְנוּ
	second	עָבַדְתָּ	עָבַדְתְּ	עֲבַדְתֶּם1	עֲבַדְתֶּן1
	third	עָבַד	עָבְדָה	עָבְדוּ
present		עוֹבֵד	עוֹבֶדֶת	עוֹבְדִים	עוֹבְדוֹת
future	first	אעבוד / אֶעֱבֹד		נעבוד / נַעֲבֹד
	second	תעבוד / תַּעֲבֹד	תַּעַבְדִי	תַּעַבְדוּ	תעבודנה / תַּעֲבֹדְנָה2
	third	יעבוד / יַעֲבֹד	תעבוד / תַּעֲבֹד	יַעַבְדוּ	תעבודנה / תַּעֲבֹדְנָה2
imperative		עבוד / עֲבֹד	עִבְדִי	עִבְדוּ	עבודנה / עֲבֹדְנָה2
notes		Pronounced עָבַדְתֶּם and עָבַדְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

References

• H5647 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible