שנה
Appearance
Hebrew
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Root |
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שׁ־נ־ה (sh-n-h) |
From Proto-Semitic *šanat-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /ʃaˈna/
- (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA(key): [ʃɔːˈnɔː]
Noun
[edit]שָׁנָה • (shaná) f (dual indefinite שנתיים / שְׁנָתַיִם, plural indefinite שָׁנִים, singular construct שְׁנַת־, plural construct שְׁנוֹת־ or שְׁנֵי־) [pattern: קָטָל]
- A year: the time period representing one revolution of the Earth around the Sun.
- אורכה של שנה הוא כשתים עשרה חודשים. ― orkáh shel shaná hu kishtém 'esré khodashím. ― The length of a year is twelve months.
- Tanach, Genesis 14:4, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
- שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה עָבְדוּ אֶת־כְּדָרְלָעֹמֶר וּשְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה מָרָֽדוּ׃
- Twelve years they served Chedorlaomer, and in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
- (astronomy) A year: the corresponding time period for a different planet.
Declension
[edit]Declension of שָׁנָה
Number | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Form | Person | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||||
singular | indefinite | שָׁנָה | first | שְׁנָתִי | שְׁנָתֵנוּ | ||
definite | הַשָּׁנָה | second | שְׁנָתְךָ | שְׁנָתֵךְ | שְׁנַתְכֶם | שְׁנַתְכֶן | |
construct | שְׁנַת־ | third | שְׁנָתוֹ | שְׁנָתָהּ | שְׁנָתָם | שְׁנָתָן | |
plural | indefinite | שָׁנִים | first | שנותיי / שְׁנוֹתַי | שְׁנוֹתֵינוּ | ||
definite | הַשָּׁנִים | second | שְׁנוֹתֶיךָ | שנותייך / שְׁנוֹתַיִךְ | שְׁנוֹתֵיכֶם | שְׁנוֹתֵיכֶן | |
construct | שְׁנוֹת־ | third | שְׁנוֹתָיו | שְׁנוֹתֶיהָ | שְׁנוֹתָם | שְׁנוֹתָן |
Derived terms
[edit]- לוּחַ שָׁנָה (lúakh shaná)
- רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה (rōš hašānā́)
- שָׁנָה טוֹבָה (shaná tová)
- שְׁנַת אוֹר (sh'nát or)
- שְׁנַת חַמָּה (sh'nát khamá)
- שְׁנַת כְּסָפִים (sh'nát k'safím)
- שְׁנַת שְׁמִיטָה / שְׁנַת שְׁמִטָּה (sh'nát shmitá)
- שנת לימודים / שְׁנַת לִמּוּדִים (sh'nát limudím)
- שְׁנַת שַׁבָּתוֹן (sh'nát shabatón)
- שְׁנַת תָרָפָּפּוּ (sh'nát tarapapú)
- שְׁנָתִי (sh'natí)
See also
[edit]- אֶשְׁתָּקַד (eshtakád, “last year”)
References
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Root |
---|
שׁ־נ־ה (sh-n-h) |
From the root שׁ־נ־ה (sh-n-h) related to Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܬ ܢ ܐ (t n ˀ) and Arabic ث ن ي (ṯ n y) from Aramaic תְּנָא (tənā); cognate to Arabic ثَنَى (ṯanā) and Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܬܢܐ (tnā).[1]
Verb
[edit]שָׁנָה • (shaná) (pa'al construction)
- To repeat: to do something an additional time.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of שָׁנָה (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
finite forms | singular | plural | |||
m. | f. | m. | f. | ||
past | first | שָׁנִיתִי | שָׁנִינוּ | ||
second | שָׁנִיתָ | שָׁנִית | שְׁנִיתֶם1 | שְׁנִיתֶן1 | |
third | שָׁנָה | שָׁנְתָה | שָׁנוּ | ||
present | שׁוֹנֶה | שׁוֹנָה | שׁוֹנִים | שׁוֹנוֹת | |
future | first | אֶשְׁנֶה | נִשְׁנֶה | ||
second | תִּשְׁנֶה | תִּשְׁנִי | תִּשְׁנוּ | תִּשְׁנֶינָה2 | |
third | יִשְׁנֶה | תִּשְׁנֶה | יִשְׁנוּ | תִּשְׁנֶינָה2 | |
imperative | שְׁנֵה | שְׁנִי | שְׁנוּ | שְׁנֶינָה2 | |
notes |
Derived terms
[edit]- מִשְׁנָה (mishná)
Verb
[edit]שִׁנָּה • (shiná) (pi'el construction)
Verb
[edit]שֻׁנָּה • (shuna) (pu'al construction)
References
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Noun
[edit]שֵׁנָה • (sheiná) f (plural indefinite שֵׁנוֹת, singular construct שְׁנַת־, plural construct שְׁנוֹת־)
Categories:
- Hebrew terms belonging to the root שׁ־נ־ה
- Hebrew terms inherited from Proto-Semitic
- Hebrew terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Hebrew terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hebrew lemmas
- Hebrew nouns
- Hebrew terms in the pattern קָטָל
- Hebrew feminine nouns with plurals ending in ־ים
- Hebrew feminine nouns
- Hebrew terms with usage examples
- Hebrew terms with quotations
- he:Astronomy
- Hebrew verbs
- Hebrew pa'al verbs
- Hebrew ל״ה pa'al verbs
- Hebrew pi'el verbs
- Hebrew defective spellings
- Hebrew pu'al verbs
- he:Time