استعداد

Arabic

Root
ع د د (ʕ d d)
13 terms

Etymology

Verbal noun of اِسْتَعَدَّ (istaʕadda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /is.tiʕ.daːd/

Noun

اِسْتِعْدَاد • (istiʕdād) m

1. verbal noun of اِسْتَعَدَّ (istaʕadda) (form X)
2. preparation

Declension

Declension of noun اِسْتِعْدَاد (istiʕdād)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِسْتِعْدَاد istiʕdād	الِاسْتِعْدَاد al-istiʕdād	اِسْتِعْدَاد istiʕdād
Nominative	اِسْتِعْدَادٌ istiʕdādun	الِاسْتِعْدَادُ al-istiʕdādu	اِسْتِعْدَادُ istiʕdādu
Accusative	اِسْتِعْدَادًا istiʕdādan	الِاسْتِعْدَادَ al-istiʕdāda	اِسْتِعْدَادَ istiʕdāda
Genitive	اِسْتِعْدَادٍ istiʕdādin	الِاسْتِعْدَادِ al-istiʕdādi	اِسْتِعْدَادِ istiʕdādi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: istedad
• → Ottoman Turkish: استعداد (istidat)
  • Turkish: istidat
• → Persian: استعداد
  • → Tajik: истеъдод (isteʾdod)
  • → Urdu: استعداد
• → Uyghur: ئىستېدات (istëdat)
• → Uzbek: iste'dod

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِعْدَاد (istiʕdād).

Dari	استعداد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	истеъдод

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔis.tiʔ.dɑːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞ʔ.d̪ɑːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞ʔ.d̪ɑːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.t̪ʰeː.d̪ɑːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔis.t̪ʰeː.d̪ɔːd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔes.t̪ʰeʔ.d̪ɒːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔis.t̪ʰeʔ.d̪ɔd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	isti'dāḏ
Dari reading?	iste'dād
Iranian reading?	este'dâd
Tajik reading?	isteʾdod

Noun

استعداد • (este'dâd)

1. talent, aptitude

   استعداد موسیقی ― este'dâd-e musiqi ― talent for music

   استعداد ذاتی ― este'dâd-e zâti ― natural talent

   • 1105, Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad al-Ghazalī, کیمیای سعادت [The Alchemy of Happiness]‎^[1]:

     اما در این جهان، شرف وی بدان است که وی را استعداد و شایستگی باشد که بدان شرف و عز حقیقی رسد وگرنه از وی ناقص‌تر و پیچیده‌تر امروز کیست؟

     ammā dar īn jahān, šaraf-i way bad-ān ast ki way rā isti'dād u šāyistagī bāšad ki bad-ān šaraf u izz-i haqīqī rasad w-agar-na az way nāqistar u pēčīdatar imrōz kī-st?

     But in this world, his [the human being's] nobility comes from his possession of the natural aptitude and fitness to reach that true nobility and glory. Otherwise, who today is more deficient and twisted than him?

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

2. natural disposition

Descendants

• → Chagatai: استعداد
  • Uzbek: iste'dod
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: इस्तेदाद (istedād)

  Urdu: اِسْتِعْداد (istedād)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِعْدَاد (istiʕdād).

Noun

اِسْتِعْداد • (istedād) f (Hindi spelling इस्तेदाद)

1. knack, talent, skill
2. aptitude