سٹنا
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Punjabi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Prakrit 𑀲𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (siṭṭha), Sanskrit सृष्ट (sr̥ṣṭá). Cognate with Saraiki سَٹَّݨ (saṭṭaṇ), Sindhi سَٽَڻُ (saṭaṇu) and Nepali सिट्टो (siṭṭo).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Punjabi) IPA(key): /səʈ.ʈᵊɳäː/, [sɐʈ.ʈᵊɳäː], /sʊʈ.ʈᵊɳäː/, [sɵʈ.ʈᵊɳäː]
Verb
[edit]سَٹّݨا or سُٹّݨا • (saṭṭṇā or suṭṭṇā) (transitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਸੱਟਣਾ or ਸੁੱਟਣਾ)
- to throw
- to hurtle; fling
- to scatter (seeds etc.)
- to lose, drop (an item etc.)
- (figuratively) to discard
Conjugation
[edit]Impersonal forms of سٹنا
Undeclined | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stem | سَٹّ (saṭṭ) | ||||
Infinitive | سَٹّݨا (saṭṭṇā) | ||||
Oblique Infinitive | سَٹَّݨ (saṭṭaṇ) | ||||
Conjunctive | سَٹّ کے (saṭṭ ke) | ||||
Progressive | سَٹّدے سَٹّدے (saṭṭde saṭṭde) | ||||
Participles | |||||
dir m s | m p obl m s | f s | f p | ||
Habitual | سَٹّدا (saṭṭdā) | سَٹّدے (saṭṭde) | سَٹّدی (saṭṭdī) | سَٹّدِیاں (saṭṭdīyāṉ) | |
Perfective | سَٹّیْا (saṭṭiyā) | سَٹّے (saṭṭe) | سَٹّی (saṭṭī) | سَٹّیْا (saṭṭiyā) | |
Prospective Agentive | سَٹَّݨ آلا (saṭṭaṇ ālā) | سَٹَّݨ آلے (saṭṭaṇ āle) | سَٹَّݨ آلی (saṭṭaṇ ālī) | سَٹَّݨ آلیْاں (saṭṭaṇ āliyāṉ) | |
Adjectival | Perfective | سَٹّیْا ہویْا (saṭṭiyā hoyā) | سَٹّے ہوئے (saṭṭe ho'e) | سَٹّی ہوئی (saṭṭī ho'ī) | سَٹّدِیاں ہوئِیاں |
Habitual | سَٹّدا ہویْا (saṭṭdā hoyā) | سَٹّدے ہوئے (saṭṭde ho'e) | سَٹّدی ہوئی (saṭṭdī ho'ī) | سَٹّدِیاں ہوئِیاں |
Non-Aspectual forms of سٹنا
Non-Aspectual | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Singular / Formal | Plural / Formal | ||||||
1st
میں |
2nd
تُوں |
3rd
ایہہ / اوہ |
2nd
تُسیں |
1st
اسیں |
2ndF / 3rd
ایہہ / اوہ | |||
Indicative | Perfective | Masculine | سَٹّیْا (saṭṭiyā) | سَٹّے (saṭṭe) | ||||
Feminine | سَٹّی (saṭṭī) | سَٹِّیاں (saṭṭiyāṉ) | ||||||
Future | Masculine | سَٹّاں گا (saṭṭāṉ gā) | سَٹّیْں گا (saṭṭeṉ gā) | سَٹّے گا (saṭṭe gā) | سَٹّو گے (saṭṭo ge) | سَٹّاں گے (saṭṭāṉ ge) | سَٹَّݨ گے (saṭṭaṇ ge) | |
Feminine | سَٹّاں گی (saṭṭāṉ gī) | سَٹّیْں گی (saṭṭeṉ gī) | سَٹّے گی (saṭṭe gī) | سَٹّاں گِیاں (saṭṭāṉ gīyāṉ) | سَٹَّݨ گِیاں (saṭṭaṇ gīyāṉ) | |||
Subjunctive | Future | سَٹّاں (saṭṭāṉ) | سَٹّیْں (saṭṭeṉ) | سَٹّے (saṭṭe) | سَٹّو (saṭṭo) | سَٹّئِیے (saṭṭ'iye) | سَٹَّݨ (saṭṭaṇ) | |
Imperative | Regular | سَٹّ (saṭṭ) | سَٹّو (saṭṭo) | سَٹّو (saṭṭo) | ||||
Polite | سَٹِّیْں (saṭṭiīṉ) | سَٹِّیو (saṭṭiyo) | سَٹِّیو (saṭṭiyo) | |||||
Contrafactual | Present | Masculine | سَٹّْدا (saṭṭdā) / سَٹَّنْدا (saṭṭandā) | سَٹّْدے (saṭṭde) / سَٹَّنْدے (saṭṭande) | ||||
Feminine | سَٹّدی (saṭṭdī) / سَٹَّنْدی (saṭṭandī) | سَٹّْدِیاں (saṭṭdīyāṉ) / سَٹَّنْدِیاں (saṭṭandīyāṉ) |
Further reading
[edit]- Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “سٹّن”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
- “ਸੁੱਟਣਾ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sr̥ṣṭá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 783
Categories:
- Punjabi terms inherited from Prakrit
- Punjabi terms derived from Prakrit
- Punjabi terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Punjabi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Punjabi terms derived from the Sanskrit root सृज्
- Punjabi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Punjabi lemmas
- Punjabi verbs
- Punjabi transitive verbs
- Punjabi verbs in Shahmukhi script