شلاق
Arabic
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Etymology
[edit]Has been identified with Jewish Babylonian Aramaic סַלָּקוּתָא (sallaqūṯā) which occurs in some obscure context in Terumot 8 from which one can only derive that it is a kind of container. Ancient Greek σάλαξ (sálax, “miner’s sieve”) has been suggested for this word. It has also been related to Old Armenian շալակ (šalak). Compare also how the meaning “to beg“ of شَحَذَ (šaḥaḏa) is suspected to be from Aramaic.
Probably of Iranian origin, cognate to Persian شالاق (šâlâq, “rag”), جولخ (jôlax, “mendicant’s woolen cloth; cloth for saddle-bags”), جوال (jovâl), گوال (govâl, “sack”), Arabic جُوَالَق (juwālaq, “sack, bag”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic גְּוָאלְקָא (gwālqā, “sack”), Classical Syriac ܓܘܵܠܩܵܐ (gwālqā, “sack”), Baluchi [script needed] (gwaləg, “flour-sack made of goat-hair”), Southern Kurdish گۆوال (gowal, “sack”), Central Kurdish گەوال (gewal, “sack”), Ossetian го́ллаг (góllag, “sack”), Georgian გვალაგი (gvalagi), გუალაგი (gualagi, “sack”), Zazaki şelag (“sack”), Southern Kurdish شوول (şûl, “sack”); compare also the forms at Arabic جُلّ (jull, “horse-covering, saddle-cloth”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]شَلَّاق • (šallāq) m
- beggar’s knapsack
- c. 1110, Al-Ḥarīriyy ed. Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy, “المقامة الصورية”, in Les séances de Hariri, volume 1, Paris, published 1822, page 330:
- وَقَد بَذَلَ لَهَا مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ شَلَّاقًا وَعُكّازًا. وَصِقَاعًا وَكُرَّازًا. فَأَنْكَحُوهُ إِنْكَاحَ مِثْلِهِ
- wa-qad baḏala la-hā mina ṣ-ṣadāqi šallāqan wa-ʕukkāzan. wa-ṣiqāʕan wa-kurrāzan. fa-ʔankaḥū-hu ʔinkāḥa miṯli-hī
- And he offered for her of dowry a beggar’s knapsack and mendicant’s staff, and a mouth-rag and a drinking-jar. And they gave him off to marriage in such a fashion.
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَلَّاق šallāq |
الشَّلَّاق aš-šallāq |
شَلَّاق šallāq |
Nominative | شَلَّاقٌ šallāqun |
الشَّلَّاقُ aš-šallāqu |
شَلَّاقُ šallāqu |
Accusative | شَلَّاقًا šallāqan |
الشَّلَّاقَ aš-šallāqa |
شَلَّاقَ šallāqa |
Genitive | شَلَّاقٍ šallāqin |
الشَّلَّاقِ aš-šallāqi |
شَلَّاقِ šallāqi |
Descendants
[edit]- →? Persian: شلاق (šallâq)
Further reading
[edit]- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 82
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “شلاق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 446
- Guggenheimer, Heinrich Walter, editor (2002), Jerusalem Talmud. First Order: Zeraïm / Tractates / Terumot and Maʿserot is the forth volume in the edition of the Jerusalem Talmud, Berlin: De Gruyter, pages 288–289
- Palatecʻi, Gēorg Dpir (1829) “շալագ”, in Baṙaran Parskerēn əst kargi haykakan aybubenicʻ [Persian Dictionary in the Order of the Armenian Alphabet] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Boghos Arabian Press, page 343a
- Rossi, Adriano Valerio (2011) “Ossetic and Balochi in V.I. Abaev’s SLOVAR'”, in Nartamongæ. The Journal of Alano-Ossetic Studies[2], volume 8, pages 251–255 (from 236)
Persian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- شلاغ (šallâğ)
Etymology
[edit]A thorough match in form and meaning is not known, perhaps from Aramaic *שַׁלָּק (šallāq), see the meaning “to lash” in Arabic سَلَقَ (salaqa), or from Arabic شَلَّاق (šallāq, “beggar’s knapsack”), or from Chagatai چلك (çelek, “major feather of a wing”) if a feather can be imagined as a means for beating or torture.
Noun
[edit]شلاق • (šallâq)
Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: şallaq
References
[edit]- Doerfer, Gerhard (1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)[3] (in German), volume 4, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 290
- Arabic terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Arabic terms borrowed from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic terms borrowed from Iranian languages
- Arabic terms derived from Iranian languages
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic doublets
- ar:Bags
- Persian terms with unknown etymologies
- Persian terms borrowed from Aramaic
- Persian terms derived from Aramaic
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms borrowed from Chagatai
- Persian terms derived from Chagatai
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Violence