غنم

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Arabic

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Root
غ ن م (ḡ n m)
4 terms

Verb

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غَنِمَ (ḡanima) I (non-past يَغْنَمُ (yaḡnamu), verbal noun غَنْم (ḡanm) or غُنْم (ḡunm) or غَنَم (ḡanam) or غُنْمَان (ḡunmān) or غَنِيمَة (ḡanīma))

  1. (intransitive) to make booty
    • 7th century CE, Sunan Abī Dāwud, 1:36:
      إِنْ كَانَ أَحَدُنَا فِي زَمَنِ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيَأْخُذُ نِضْوَ أَخِيهِ عَلَى أَنَّ لَهُ النِّصْفَ مِمَّا يَغْنَمُ وَلَنَا النِّصْفُ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَحَدُنَا لَيَطِيرُ لَهُ النَّصْلُ وَٱلرِّيشُ وَلِلْآخَرِ الْقَدَحُ.
      ʔin kāna ʔaḥadunā fī zamani rasūli llāhi ṣallā llāhu ʕalayhi wasallama layaʔḵuḏu niḍwa ʔaḵīhi ʕalā ʔanna lahu n-niṣfa mimmā yaḡnamu walanā n-niṣfu waʔin kāna ʔaḥadunā layaṭīru lahu n-naṣlu war-rīšu walilʔāḵari l-qadaḥu.
      Any one of us would borrow an arrow-shaft during the lifetime of the Prophet (ﷺ) from the other, on condition that he would give him half the booty, and the other half he would retain himself. Further, one of us received, so it flies, an arrowhead and a feather, and the other the arrow-shaft.
  2. (transitive) to take as booty
  3. (transitive) to pillage, to foray, to plunder

Conjugation

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Verb

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غَنَّمَ (ḡannama) II (non-past يُغَنِّمُ (yuḡannimu), verbal noun تَغْنِيم (taḡnīm))

  1. to give away altruistically, to dole out, to deal out, to share out

Conjugation

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Noun

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غَنَم (ḡanamf (collective, plural أَغْنَام (ʔaḡnām))

  1. (collective) sheep; goat
    • 7th century CE, Riyāḍ as-Ṣālihīn, 9:80:
      إنما يأكل الذئب من الغنم القاصية.
      The wolf eats up a solitary sheep that stays far from the flock.
  2. (collective) small cattle

Declension

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Synonyms

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Noun

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غَنَم or غُنْم or غَنْم (ḡanam or ḡunm or ḡanmm

  1. verbal noun of غَنِمَ (ḡanima) (form I)

Declension

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References

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  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “غنم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 299
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “غنم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “غنم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[2] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 929

Pashto

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Etymology

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From Proto-Iranian [Term?].

Compare Parthian 𐫃𐫗𐫅𐫇𐫖 (gndwm /⁠gandum⁠/), Sogdian 𐼲𐼻𐽂𐼺 (γntm /⁠γandam⁠/), Northern Kurdish genim, Persian گندم (gandom), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬧𐬙𐬎𐬨𐬀 (gaṇtuma), 𐬔𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬎𐬨𐬀 (gantuma), Sanskrit गोधूम (godhūma).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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1=ǧanëm
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غنم (ǧanëmm (plural غنم)

  1. wheat

Declension

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South Levantine Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic غَنَم (ḡanam).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɣa.nam/, [ˈɣa.nam]
  • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

Noun

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غنم (ḡanamm (collective, singulative غنمة f (ḡaname), paucal غنمات (ḡanamāt))

  1. (collective) sheep
    Synonym: خرفان (ḵerfān)
  2. (collective) sheep and goats

See also

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