ܫܘܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܫ ܘ ܐ (š w ˀ)
5 terms

From Aramaic שְׁוָא (šəwā); cognate to Arabic سَاوَى (sāwā).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɑːweː]

Verb

ܫܵܘܹܐ • (šāwē)

to be equal
to be worthy
to level, spread
(mathematics) equals, is equal to, has the same value as
ܬܪܹܝܢ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܬܪܹܝܢ ܫܵܘܹܐ ܐܲܪܒܥܵܐ
trēn yatīr trēn šāwē arbˁā
two plus two equals four

Usage notes

The mathematical sense of “equals” is a learned borrowing from Classical Syriac as a defective verb therefore it does not inflect and is just used as an active participle.

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ܫܵܘܹܐ*
		singular			plural
gerund	ܒܸܫܘܵܝܵܐ (bišwāyā)
verbal noun	ܫܘܵܝܵܐ (šwāyā)

passive participle	m	ܫܸܘܝܵܐ (šiwyā)			ܫܸܘܝܹ̈ܐ (šiwyē)
passive participle	f	ܫܘܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šwīṯā)			ܫܸܘܝܹ̈ܐ (šiwyē)
agent noun	m	ܫܵܘܘܿܝܵܐ (šāwōyā)			ܫܵܘܘܿܝܹ̈ܐ (šāwōyē)
agent noun	f	ܫܵܘܘܿܝܬܵܐ (šāwōytā)			ܫܵܘ̈ܘܿܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šāwōyāṯā)
instance noun		ܫܘܵܝܬܵܐ (šwāytā)			ܫ̈ܘܵܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šwāyāṯā)

		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܝܼ (šwē lī)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (šwē lōḵ)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ (šwē lēh)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܲܢ (šwē lan)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šwē lawḵōn)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (šwē lhōn)
past	f	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܝܼ (šwē lī)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (šwē lāḵ)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (šwē lāh)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܲܢ (šwē lan)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šwē lawḵōn)	ܫܘܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (šwē lhōn)
active non-past	m	ܫܵܘܹܝܢ (šāwēn)	ܫܵܘܹܝܬ (šāwēt)	ܫܵܘܹܐ (šāwē)	ܫܵܘܹܝܚ (šāwēḥ)	ܫܵܘܲܝܬܘܿܢ (šāwaytōn)	ܫܵܘܝܼ (šāwī)
active non-past	f	ܫܵܘܝܲܢ (šāwyan)	ܫܵܘܝܲܬܝ (šāwyat)	ܫܵܘܝܵܐ (šāwyā)	ܫܵܘܹܝܚ (šāwēḥ)	ܫܵܘܲܝܬܘܿܢ (šāwaytōn)	ܫܵܘܝܼ (šāwī)
passive past	m	ܫܘܹܝܢ (šwēn)	ܫܘܹܝܬ (šwēt)	ܫܘܹܐ (šwē)	ܫܘܹܝܚ (šwēḥ)	ܫܘܲܝܬܘܿܢ (šwaytōn)	ܫܘܲܝ (šway)
passive past	f	ܫܸܘܝܲܢ (šiwyan)	ܫܸܘܝܲܬܝ (šiwyat)	ܫܸܘܝܵܐ (šiwyā)	ܫܘܹܝܚ (šwēḥ)	ܫܘܲܝܬܘܿܢ (šwaytōn)	ܫܘܲܝ (šway)
imperative	m		ܫܘܝܼ (šwī)			ܫܘܲܘ (šwaw)
imperative	f		ܫܘܲܝ (šway)			ܫܘܲܘ (šwaw)

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Synonyms

(to be equal): ܕܵܡܹܐ (dāmē), ܦܵܚܹܡ (pāḥēm), ܣܵܒ݂ܹܗ (sāḇēh)

Etymology 2

Root
ܫ ܘ ܐ (š w ˀ)
5 terms

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [ˈʃəweː]

Noun

ܫܘܹܐ • (šwē) m sg (feminine ܫܘܝܼܬ (šwīt), plural ܫܲܘܝܲܝ̈ (šawyay))

singular construct state of ܫܲܘܝܵܐ (šawyā, “equal”)
ܡܬܲܠܬܵܐ ܫܘܹܐ ܐܸܠܥܹ̈ܐ
mtaltā šwē ilˁē
equilateral triangle
(literally, “triangle equal of sides”)

Etymology 3

Ultimately borrowed from Hebrew שְׁוָא (shva), (itself from Classical Syriac ܫܘܵܝܵܐ) and likely through English schwa and German Schwa; therefore doublet of ܫܘܵܝܵܐ (šwāyā, sign consisting of two vertical dots used to separate parts of a sentence).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): [ˈʃwɑː]

Noun

ܫܘܵܐ • (šwā) m

schwa (unstressed vowel sound)