अपराधी

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अपराधी (aparādhī). By surface analysis, अपराध (aprādh, “crime, offence”) +‎ ई (ī). First attested as Old Hindi अपराधी (aparādhī).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /əp.ɾɑː.d̪ʱiː/, [ɐp.ɾäː.d̪ʱiː]

Adjective

अपराधी • (aprādhī) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling اَپْرادِھی)

1. criminal, offender, sinner, guilty, faulty

Noun

अपराधी • (aprādhī) m (female equivalent अपराधिनी, Urdu spelling اَپْرادِھی)

1. criminal; sinner

   Synonym: मुजरिम (mujrim)

Usage notes

Normally अपराधी (aprādhī) is used for both genders, but the word अपराधिनी (aprādhinī, “female criminal”) exists and may be used more formally.

Declension

Declension of अपराधी (masc ī-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अपराधी aprādhī	अपराधी aprādhī
oblique	अपराधी aprādhī	अपराधियों aprādhiyõ
vocative	अपराधी aprādhī	अपराधियो aprādhiyo

Further reading

More information

• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “अपराधी”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “अपराधी”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884), “अपराधी”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “अपराधी”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• “अपराधी”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अपराधी (aparādhī). By surface analysis, अपराध (aprādh, “crime, offence”) +‎ -ई (-ī).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əp.ɾa.d̪ʱi/, [əp.ɾa.d̪ʱiː]

Adjective

अपराधी • (aprādhī) (indeclinable)

1. criminal, offender, guilty, faulty

Noun

अपराधी • (aparādhī) m

1. criminal, offender, lawbreaker

   Synonyms: गुन्हेगार (gunhegār), दोषी (doṣī)

Usage notes

While the term अपराधी (aprādhī) itself is masculine, it is used to refer to criminals of both genders.

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “अपराधी”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950), “अपराधी”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)

Old Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अपराधी (aparādhī).

Noun

अपराधी (aparādhī) m

1. sinner
   • c. 1420, Kabīr 221.0:

     माधौ मै ऐसा अपराधी, तेरी भगति होत नहीं साधी

     mādhau mai aisā aparādhī, terī bhagati hota nahīṃ sādhī

     Mādhava, I am such a sinner, I am not able to accomplish devotion towards you.

Further reading

• Jaroslav Strnad (2013), Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অপৰাধী (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬧᬭᬵᬥᬷ (Balinese script)
• অপরাধী (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰢𑰨𑰯𑰠𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀧𑀭𑀸𑀥𑀻 (Brahmi script)
• အပရာဓီ (Burmese script)
• અપરાધી (Gujarati script)
• ਅਪਰਾਧੀ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌪𑌰𑌾𑌧𑍀 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦥꦫꦴꦣꦷ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂣𑂩𑂰𑂡𑂲 (Kaithi script)
• ಅಪರಾಧೀ (Kannada script)
• អបរាធី (Khmer script)
• ອປຣາຘີ (Lao script)
• അപരാധീ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᢒᠠᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢡᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘢𑘨𑘰𑘠𑘲 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢒᠠᠷᠠᢗᢑᠾᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑧂𑧈𑧑𑧀𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐥𑐬𑐵𑐢𑐷 (Newa script)
• ଅପରାଧୀ (Odia script)
• ꢂꢦꢬꢵꢤꢷ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆥𑆫𑆳𑆣𑆵 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖢𑖨𑖯𑖠𑖱 (Siddham script)
• අපරාධී (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩰𑩼𑩛𑩮𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚞𑚤𑚭𑚜𑚯 (Takri script)
• அபராதீ⁴ (Tamil script)
• అపరాధీ (Telugu script)
• อปราธี (Thai script)
• ཨ་པ་རཱ་དྷཱི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒣𑒩𑒰𑒡𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨞𑨫𑨊𑨜𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ.pɐ.ɾɑː.dʱiː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.pɐ.ɾɑː.d̪ʱiː/

Adjective

अपराधी • (aparādhī) m

1. nominative singular of अपराधिन् (aparādhin)