अवस्था

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अवस्था (avasthā).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ə.ʋəs.t̪ʰɑː/, [ɐ.ʋɐs.t̪ʰäː]

Noun

अवस्था • (avasthā) f

1. state, circumstance

   Synonyms: हालत (hālat), दशा (daśā)

2. period, stage
3. age

   Synonyms: उम्र (umra), आयु (āyu)

Declension

Declension of अवस्था (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	अवस्था avasthā	अवस्थाएँ avasthāẽ
oblique	अवस्था avasthā	अवस्थाओं avasthāõ
vocative	अवस्था avasthā	अवस्थाओ avasthāo

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अवस्था (avasthā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ə.ʋəs.t̪ʰa/

Noun

अवस्था • (avasthā) f

1. state, condition

   Synonyms: स्थिती (sthitī), दशा (daśā), हालत (hālat)

2. stage, phase

   Synonym: टप्पा (ṭappā)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “अवस्था”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• অৱস্থা (Assamese script)
• ᬅᬯᬲ᭄ᬣᬵ (Balinese script)
• অবস্থা (Bengali script)
• 𑰀𑰪𑰭𑰿𑰞𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀅𑀯𑀲𑁆𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• အဝသ္ထာ (Burmese script)
• અવસ્થા (Gujarati script)
• ਅਵਸ੍ਥਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌅𑌵𑌸𑍍𑌥𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦮꦱ꧀ꦡꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂃𑂫𑂮𑂹𑂟𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಅವಸ್ಥಾ (Kannada script)
• អវស្ថា (Khmer script)
• ອວສ຺ຖາ (Lao script)
• അവസ്ഥാ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠᠸᠠᠰ᠌ᡨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘀𑘪𑘭𑘿𑘞𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᠠᠸᠠᠰᠲᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦠𑧊𑧍𑧠𑦾𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐀𑐰𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐵 (Newa script)
• ଅଵସ୍ଥା (Odia script)
• ꢂꢮꢱ꣄ꢢꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆃𑆮𑆱𑇀𑆡𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖀𑖪𑖭𑖿𑖞𑖯 (Siddham script)
• අවස‍්ථා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩾𑪁 𑪙𑩬𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚀𑚦𑚨𑚶𑚚𑚭 (Takri script)
• அவஸ்த²ா (Tamil script)
• అవస్థా (Telugu script)
• อวสฺถา (Thai script)
• ཨ་ཝ་སྠཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒁𑒫𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨭𑨰𑩇𑨚𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ʋɐs.tʰɑː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ʋɐs̪.t̪ʰɑː/

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háwa

Sanskrit अव (ava)

Sanskrit अव- (ava-)

Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-

Sanskrit स्था (sthā)

Sanskrit स्थ (stha)

Sanskrit स्था (sthā)

Sanskrit अवस्था

From अव- (ava-) + स्था (sthā, “standing”). Cognate with Persian استاد (ustād, ostâd).

Noun

अवस्था • (avasthā) stem, f (root अवस्था)

1. condition, state
2. female reproductive organs
3. an appearance in court

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of अवस्था

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	अवस्था (avasthā)	अवस्थे (avasthe)	अवस्थाः (avasthāḥ)
accusative	अवस्थाम् (avasthām)	अवस्थे (avasthe)	अवस्थाः (avasthāḥ)
instrumental	अवस्थया (avasthayā) अवस्था¹ (avasthā¹)	अवस्थाभ्याम् (avasthābhyām)	अवस्थाभिः (avasthābhiḥ)
dative	अवस्थायै (avasthāyai)	अवस्थाभ्याम् (avasthābhyām)	अवस्थाभ्यः (avasthābhyaḥ)
ablative	अवस्थायाः (avasthāyāḥ) अवस्थायै² (avasthāyai²)	अवस्थाभ्याम् (avasthābhyām)	अवस्थाभ्यः (avasthābhyaḥ)
genitive	अवस्थायाः (avasthāyāḥ) अवस्थायै² (avasthāyai²)	अवस्थयोः (avasthayoḥ)	अवस्थानाम् (avasthānām)
locative	अवस्थायाम् (avasthāyām)	अवस्थयोः (avasthayoḥ)	अवस्थासु (avasthāsu)
vocative	अवस्थे (avasthe)	अवस्थे (avasthe)	अवस्थाः (avasthāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

Borrowed

• → Bengali: অবস্থা (obostha) (learned)
  • → Garo: obostara
• → Hindi: अवस्था (avasthā)
• → Marathi: अवस्था (avasthā)
• → Punjabi: ਬਸਥਾ (basthā) (semi-learned)
• → Sinhalese: අවස්ථාව (awasthāwa)
• → Old Javanese: awasthā
• → Old Javanese: wastha, wasta
  • Javanese: ꦮꦱ꧀ꦠ (wasta)
  • → Balinese: ᬯᬲ᭄ᬢ (wasta)
• → Tocharian B: avast
• → Tocharian B: avasthālakṣam

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háwa

Sanskrit अव (ava)

Sanskrit अव- (ava-)

Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-

Sanskrit स्था (sthā)

Sanskrit अवस्था

From अव- (ava-) + स्था (sthā, root).

Root

अवस्था • (avasthā)

1. to go down into, reach into

Derived terms

Primary verbal forms

• अवतिष्ठति (avatiṣṭhati, present)

Derived nominal forms

• अवस्था (avasthā)

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root अवस्था (0 c, 1 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root अवस्था (1 c, 0 e)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “अवस्था”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 105.