आर्तव
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit आर्तव (ārtava).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ɑːɾ.t̪əʋ/, [äːɾ.t̪ɐʋ]
Adjective
[edit]आर्तव • (ārtav) (feminine आर्तवी)
Noun
[edit]आर्तव • (ārtav) m
- menses, menstrual fluid, menstrual blood
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:मासिक धर्म
- आयुर्वेद में आर्तव चक्र के स्वास्थ्य पर विशेष बल दिया गया है।
- āyurved mẽ ārtav cakra ke svāsthya par viśeṣ bal diyā gayā hai.
- In Ayurveda, special emphasis is placed on the health of the menstrual cycle.
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | आर्तव ārtav |
आर्तव ārtav |
| oblique | आर्तव ārtav |
आर्तवों ārtavõ |
| vocative | आर्तव ārtav |
आर्तवो ārtavo |
References
[edit]- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “आर्तव”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 469
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- আৰ্তৱ (Assamese script)
- ᬆᬃᬢᬯ (Balinese script)
- আর্তব (Bengali script)
- 𑰁𑰨𑰿𑰝𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀆𑀭𑁆𑀢𑀯 (Brahmi script)
- အာရ်္တဝ (Burmese script)
- આર્તવ (Gujarati script)
- ਆਰ੍ਤਵ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌆𑌰𑍍𑌤𑌵 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦴꦂꦠꦮ (Javanese script)
- 𑂄𑂩𑂹𑂞𑂫 (Kaithi script)
- ಆರ್ತವ (Kannada script)
- អាត៌វ (Khmer script)
- ອາຣ຺ຕວ (Lao script)
- ആര്തവ (Malayalam script)
- ᠠ᠊ᠠᡵᢠᠠᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘁𑘨𑘿𑘝𑘪 (Modi script)
- ᠠᢗᠷᢐᠠᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦡𑧈𑧠𑦽𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐁𑐬𑑂𑐟𑐰 (Newa script)
- ଆର୍ତଵ (Odia script)
- ꢃꢬ꣄ꢡꢮ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆄𑆫𑇀𑆠𑆮 (Sharada script)
- 𑖁𑖨𑖿𑖝𑖪 (Siddham script)
- ආර්තව (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩫𑩾 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚁𑚤𑚶𑚙𑚦 (Takri script)
- ஆர்தவ (Tamil script)
- ఆర్తవ (Telugu script)
- อารฺตว (Thai script)
- ཨཱ་རྟ་ཝ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒂𑒩𑓂𑒞𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨙𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Vṛddhi derivative of ऋतु (ṛtú, “season, period of time”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]आ॒र्त॒व • (ārtavá) stem
- belonging, relating or conforming to seasons or periods of time, seasonal, seasonable
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 3.29.8:
- अवश्यं लभते जन्तुः फलं पापस्य कर्मणः ।
घोरं पर्यागते काले द्रुमाः पुष्पम् इवार्तवम् ॥- avaśyaṃ labhate jantuḥ phalaṃ pāpasya karmaṇaḥ.
ghoraṃ paryāgate kāle drumāḥ puṣpam ivārtavam. - A being certainly gets a terrible fruit of sinful deeds at the right time, just as the trees get the flower of the season.
- avaśyaṃ labhate jantuḥ phalaṃ pāpasya karmaṇaḥ.
- अवश्यं लभते जन्तुः फलं पापस्य कर्मणः ।
- menstrual
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आ॒र्त॒वः (ārtaváḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वौ (ārtaváu) आ॒र्त॒वा¹ (ārtavā́¹) |
आ॒र्त॒वाः (ārtavā́ḥ) आ॒र्त॒वासः॑¹ (ārtavā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | आ॒र्त॒वम् (ārtavám) | आ॒र्त॒वौ (ārtaváu) आ॒र्त॒वा¹ (ārtavā́¹) |
आ॒र्त॒वान् (ārtavā́n) |
| instrumental | आ॒र्त॒वेन॑ (ārtavéna) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वैः (ārtaváiḥ) आ॒र्त॒वेभिः॑¹ (ārtavébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आ॒र्त॒वाय॑ (ārtavā́ya) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वेभ्यः॑ (ārtavébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आ॒र्त॒वात् (ārtavā́t) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वेभ्यः॑ (ārtavébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आ॒र्त॒वस्य॑ (ārtavásya) | आ॒र्त॒वयोः॑ (ārtaváyoḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वाना॑म् (ārtavā́nām) |
| locative | आ॒र्त॒वे (ārtavé) | आ॒र्त॒वयोः॑ (ārtaváyoḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वेषु॑ (ārtavéṣu) |
| vocative | आर्त॑व (ā́rtava) | आर्त॑वौ (ā́rtavau) आर्त॑वा¹ (ā́rtavā¹) |
आर्त॑वाः (ā́rtavāḥ) आर्त॑वासः¹ (ā́rtavāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आर्तवी (ārtavī) | आर्तव्यौ (ārtavyau) आर्तवी¹ (ārtavī¹) |
आर्तव्यः (ārtavyaḥ) आर्तवीः¹ (ārtavīḥ¹) |
| accusative | आर्तवीम् (ārtavīm) | आर्तव्यौ (ārtavyau) आर्तवी¹ (ārtavī¹) |
आर्तवीः (ārtavīḥ) |
| instrumental | आर्तव्या (ārtavyā) | आर्तवीभ्याम् (ārtavībhyām) | आर्तवीभिः (ārtavībhiḥ) |
| dative | आर्तव्यै (ārtavyai) | आर्तवीभ्याम् (ārtavībhyām) | आर्तवीभ्यः (ārtavībhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आर्तव्याः (ārtavyāḥ) आर्तव्यै² (ārtavyai²) |
आर्तवीभ्याम् (ārtavībhyām) | आर्तवीभ्यः (ārtavībhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आर्तव्याः (ārtavyāḥ) आर्तव्यै² (ārtavyai²) |
आर्तव्योः (ārtavyoḥ) | आर्तवीनाम् (ārtavīnām) |
| locative | आर्तव्याम् (ārtavyām) | आर्तव्योः (ārtavyoḥ) | आर्तवीषु (ārtavīṣu) |
| vocative | आर्तवि (ārtavi) | आर्तव्यौ (ārtavyau) आर्तवी¹ (ārtavī¹) |
आर्तव्यः (ārtavyaḥ) आर्तवीः¹ (ārtavīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आ॒र्त॒वम् (ārtavám) | आ॒र्त॒वे (ārtavé) | आ॒र्त॒वानि॑ (ārtavā́ni) आ॒र्त॒वा¹ (ārtavā́¹) |
| accusative | आ॒र्त॒वम् (ārtavám) | आ॒र्त॒वे (ārtavé) | आ॒र्त॒वानि॑ (ārtavā́ni) आ॒र्त॒वा¹ (ārtavā́¹) |
| instrumental | आ॒र्त॒वेन॑ (ārtavéna) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वैः (ārtaváiḥ) आ॒र्त॒वेभिः॑¹ (ārtavébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आ॒र्त॒वाय॑ (ārtavā́ya) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वेभ्यः॑ (ārtavébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आ॒र्त॒वात् (ārtavā́t) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वेभ्यः॑ (ārtavébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आ॒र्त॒वस्य॑ (ārtavásya) | आ॒र्त॒वयोः॑ (ārtaváyoḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वाना॑म् (ārtavā́nām) |
| locative | आ॒र्त॒वे (ārtavé) | आ॒र्त॒वयोः॑ (ārtaváyoḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वेषु॑ (ārtavéṣu) |
| vocative | आर्त॑व (ā́rtava) | आर्त॑वे (ā́rtave) | आर्त॑वानि (ā́rtavāni) आर्त॑वा¹ (ā́rtavā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]आ॒र्त॒व • (ārtavá) stem, m
- a section of the year, a combination of many seasons
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 5.28.2:
- अग्निः सूर्यश्चन्द्रमा भूमिरापो द्यौरन्तरिक्षं प्रदिशो दिशश्च ।
आर्तवा ऋतुभिः संविदाना अनेन मा त्रिवृता पारयन्तु ॥- agniḥ sūryaścandramā bhūmirāpo dyaurantarikṣaṃ pradiśo diśaśca.
ārtavā ṛtubhiḥ saṃvidānā anena mā trivṛtā pārayantu. - May Agni, Sun, and Moon, and Earth, and Waters, Sky, Air, the Quarters and the Points between them,
And Parts of Years accordant with the Seasons by this three-threaded Amulet preserve me.
- agniḥ sūryaścandramā bhūmirāpo dyaurantarikṣaṃ pradiśo diśaśca.
- अग्निः सूर्यश्चन्द्रमा भूमिरापो द्यौरन्तरिक्षं प्रदिशो दिशश्च ।
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आ॒र्त॒वः (ārtaváḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वौ (ārtaváu) आ॒र्त॒वा¹ (ārtavā́¹) |
आ॒र्त॒वाः (ārtavā́ḥ) आ॒र्त॒वासः॑¹ (ārtavā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | आ॒र्त॒वम् (ārtavám) | आ॒र्त॒वौ (ārtaváu) आ॒र्त॒वा¹ (ārtavā́¹) |
आ॒र्त॒वान् (ārtavā́n) |
| instrumental | आ॒र्त॒वेन॑ (ārtavéna) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वैः (ārtaváiḥ) आ॒र्त॒वेभिः॑¹ (ārtavébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आ॒र्त॒वाय॑ (ārtavā́ya) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वेभ्यः॑ (ārtavébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आ॒र्त॒वात् (ārtavā́t) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वेभ्यः॑ (ārtavébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आ॒र्त॒वस्य॑ (ārtavásya) | आ॒र्त॒वयोः॑ (ārtaváyoḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वाना॑म् (ārtavā́nām) |
| locative | आ॒र्त॒वे (ārtavé) | आ॒र्त॒वयोः॑ (ārtaváyoḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वेषु॑ (ārtavéṣu) |
| vocative | आर्त॑व (ā́rtava) | आर्त॑वौ (ā́rtavau) आर्त॑वा¹ (ā́rtavā¹) |
आर्त॑वाः (ā́rtavāḥ) आर्त॑वासः¹ (ā́rtavāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]आ॒र्त॒व • (ārtavá) stem, n
- menstruation, the menstrual discharge
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 4.40:
- नोपगच्छेत् प्रमत्तो ऽपि स्त्रियं आर्तवदर्शने ।
समानशयने चैव न शयीत तया सह ॥- nopagacchet pramatto ʼpi striyaṃ ārtavadarśane.
samānaśayane caiva na śayīta tayā saha. - Even though mad with desire, he may not approach his wife [for intercourse] when she is experiencing her menstrual flow; he may also not sleep with her in the same bed.
- nopagacchet pramatto ʼpi striyaṃ ārtavadarśane.
- नोपगच्छेत् प्रमत्तो ऽपि स्त्रियं आर्तवदर्शने ।
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | आ॒र्त॒वम् (ārtavám) | आ॒र्त॒वे (ārtavé) | आ॒र्त॒वानि॑ (ārtavā́ni) आ॒र्त॒वा¹ (ārtavā́¹) |
| accusative | आ॒र्त॒वम् (ārtavám) | आ॒र्त॒वे (ārtavé) | आ॒र्त॒वानि॑ (ārtavā́ni) आ॒र्त॒वा¹ (ārtavā́¹) |
| instrumental | आ॒र्त॒वेन॑ (ārtavéna) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वैः (ārtaváiḥ) आ॒र्त॒वेभिः॑¹ (ārtavébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | आ॒र्त॒वाय॑ (ārtavā́ya) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वेभ्यः॑ (ārtavébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | आ॒र्त॒वात् (ārtavā́t) | आ॒र्त॒वाभ्या॑म् (ārtavā́bhyām) | आ॒र्त॒वेभ्यः॑ (ārtavébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | आ॒र्त॒वस्य॑ (ārtavásya) | आ॒र्त॒वयोः॑ (ārtaváyoḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वाना॑म् (ārtavā́nām) |
| locative | आ॒र्त॒वे (ārtavé) | आ॒र्त॒वयोः॑ (ārtaváyoḥ) | आ॒र्त॒वेषु॑ (ārtavéṣu) |
| vocative | आर्त॑व (ā́rtava) | आर्त॑वे (ā́rtave) | आर्त॑वानि (ā́rtavāni) आर्त॑वा¹ (ā́rtavā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
[edit]- → Malayalam: ആർത്തവം (āṟttavaṁ)
References
[edit]- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “आर्तव”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 355
- Monier Williams (1899), “आर्तव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 151.
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