उपवसथ

Sanskrit

Etymology

From उप- (upa-, “with”) +‎ वसथ (vasatha, “dwelling”) or उप- (upa-, “with”) +‎ वस् (vas, “to dwell”) +‎ -थ (-tha, agentive suffix), literally “dwelling with”.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.pɐ.ʋɐ.sɐ.tʰɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /uˈpɐ.ʋɐ.s̪ɐ.t̪ʰɐ/

Noun

उपवसथ • (upavasatha) stem, m

1. The day before a soma sacrifice.
2. A fast day.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of उपवसथ (upavasatha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	उपवसथः upavasathaḥ	उपवसथौ / उपवसथा¹ upavasathau / upavasathā¹	उपवसथाः / उपवसथासः¹ upavasathāḥ / upavasathāsaḥ¹
Vocative	उपवसथ upavasatha	उपवसथौ / उपवसथा¹ upavasathau / upavasathā¹	उपवसथाः / उपवसथासः¹ upavasathāḥ / upavasathāsaḥ¹
Accusative	उपवसथम् upavasatham	उपवसथौ / उपवसथा¹ upavasathau / upavasathā¹	उपवसथान् upavasathān
Instrumental	उपवसथेन upavasathena	उपवसथाभ्याम् upavasathābhyām	उपवसथैः / उपवसथेभिः¹ upavasathaiḥ / upavasathebhiḥ¹
Dative	उपवसथाय upavasathāya	उपवसथाभ्याम् upavasathābhyām	उपवसथेभ्यः upavasathebhyaḥ
Ablative	उपवसथात् upavasathāt	उपवसथाभ्याम् upavasathābhyām	उपवसथेभ्यः upavasathebhyaḥ
Genitive	उपवसथस्य upavasathasya	उपवसथयोः upavasathayoḥ	उपवसथानाम् upavasathānām
Locative	उपवसथे upavasathe	उपवसथयोः upavasathayoḥ	उपवसथेषु upavasatheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑁄𑀲𑀣 (posatha), *𑀉𑀧𑁄𑀲𑀣 (*uposatha)
  • Prakrit: 𑀧𑁄𑀲𑀳 (posaha), *𑀉𑀯𑁄𑀲𑀳 (*uvosaha)
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ފޮއި (foi)
      • Sinhalese: පෝය (pōya), පොහොය (pohoya)
    • >? Marathi: ओवसा (ovsā), वसा (vasā)
    • >? Odia: ଓଷା (oṣa), ଉଷା (uṣa)
• Pali: uposatha

References

• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उपवसथ”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “upavasatha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 105