उप-

See also: उप

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उप- (upa-).

Prefix

उप- • (up-)

1. subordinate

   ‎उप- (up-) + ‎ग्रह (grah, “planet”) → ‎उपग्रह (upagrah, “moon, satellite”)

2. lesser, vice-

   ‎उप- (up-) + ‎राष्ट्रपति (rāṣṭrapti, “president”) → ‎उपराष्ट्रपति (uprāṣṭrapti, “vice president”)

Derived terms

Hindi terms prefixed with उप-

उपायुक्त

उपालंभ

उपभाषा

उपयोग

उपयोगिता

उपवन

उपक्रम

उपचुनाव

उपधारा

उपनगर

उपनदी

उपनाम

उपनायिका

उपनिर्देशक

उपनेत्र

उपपत्नी

उपप्रमेय

उपबोली

उपभोक्ता

उपमहाद्वीप

उपराष्ट्रपति

उपलब्ध

उपलब्धि

उपशीर्षक

उपसचिव

उपसमुच्चय

Marathi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *upo

Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-

Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-

Sanskrit उप- (upa-)lbor.

Marathi उप-

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उप- (upa-), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-, from Proto-Indo-European *upo.

Prefix

उप- • (up-)

1. subordinate; sub-

   ‎उप- (up-) + ‎ग्रह (grah, “planet”) → ‎उपग्रह (upagrah, “moon, satellite”)

2. lesser, vice-

   ‎उप- (up-) + ‎राष्ट्रपती (rāṣṭraptī, “president”) → ‎उपराष्ट्रपती (uprāṣṭraptī, “vice president”)

Derived terms

Marathi terms prefixed with उप-

उपकलम

उपराष्ट्रपती

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “उप”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• উপ- (Assamese script)
• ᬉᬧ- (Balinese script)
• উপ- (Bengali script)
• 𑰄𑰢- (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀉𑀧- (Brahmi script)
• ဥပ- (Burmese script)
• ઉપ- (Gujarati script)
• ਉਪ- (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌉𑌪- (Grantha script)
• ꦈꦥ- (Javanese script)
• 𑂇𑂣- (Kaithi script)
• ಉಪ- (Kannada script)
• ឧប- (Khmer script)
• ອຸປ- (Lao script)
• ഉപ- (Malayalam script)
• ᡠᢒᠠ᠊ (Manchu script)
• 𑘄𑘢- (Modi script)
• ᠤᢒᠠ᠊ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦤𑧂- (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐄𑐥- (Newa script)
• ଉପ- (Odia script)
• ꢆꢦ- (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆇𑆥- (Sharada script)
• 𑖄𑖢- (Siddham script)
• උප- (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩒𑩰- (Soyombo script)
• 𑚄𑚞- (Takri script)
• உப- (Tamil script)
• ఉప- (Telugu script)
• อุป- (Thai script)
• ཨུ་པ- (Tibetan script)
• 𑒅𑒣- (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨃𑨞- (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *upo

Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-

Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-

Sanskrit उप-

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-, from Proto-Indo-European *upo.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ú.pɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /u.pɐ/

Prefix

उप- • (upa-)

1. towards
2. near, with
3. under, below
4. like, proximate
5. subordinate
6. brother to
7. son to

Usage notes

Definitions 4–7 used exclusively with nouns.

Occasionally used with an implied verb, or placed after the verb rather than prefixing it.

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms prefixed with उप-

उपान्त

उपार्ज्

उपार्जन

उपालम्भ

उपनयन

उपरम

उपरि

उपवन

उपविशति

उपविश्

उपविष्ट

उपस्थसद्

उपाख्यान

उपकरण

उपधान

उपनिषद्

उपन्यस्यति

उपनेत्र

उपन्यास

उपम

उपमा

उपयोग

उपरूपक

उपलब्ध

उपवसथ

उपवाक्य

उपवास

औपस्थ्य

उपहृ

Descendants

• → Hindi: उप- (up-)
• → Punjabi: ਉਪ- (upa-)
• → Sindhi: اُپَـ (upa-)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “उप-”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0194, column 3.
• Monier Williams (1899), “उप-”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0195, column 1.