गायति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গায়তি (Assamese script)
• ᬕᬵᬬᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• গায়তি (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰯𑰧𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀸𑀬𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဂါယတိ (Burmese script)
• ગાયતિ (Gujarati script)
• ਗਾਯਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑌾𑌯𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦴꦪꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂰𑂨𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಗಾಯತಿ (Kannada script)
• គាយតិ (Khmer script)
• ຄາຍຕິ (Lao script)
• ഗായതി (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠶᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘰𑘧𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠠᢗᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧑𑧇𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐵𑐫𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଗାଯତି (Odia script)
• ꢔꢵꢫꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆳𑆪𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖯𑖧𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ගායති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩛𑩻𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚭𑚣𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• க³ாயதி (Tamil script)
• గాయతి (Telugu script)
• คายติ (Thai script)
• གཱ་ཡ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒰𑒨𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨊𑨪𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gáHyati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gáHyati, from Proto-Indo-European *géHyeti, from *geH-. Cognate with Old East Slavic гаяти (gajati), Latvian dziêdu.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɑ́ː.jɐ.ti/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɑː.jɐ.t̪i/

Verb

गाय॑ति • (gā́yati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, present, root गै)

1. to sing, recite, chant
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.43.2:

     उ॒द्गा॒तेव॑ शकुने॒ साम॑ गायसि ब्रह्मपु॒त्र इ॑व॒ सव॑नेषु शंससि।
     वृषे॑व वा॒जी शिशु॑मतीर॒पीत्या॑ स॒र्वतो॑ नः शकुने भ॒द्रमा व॑द वि॒श्वतो॑ नः शकुने॒ पुण्य॒मा व॑द॥

     udgātéva śakune sā́ma gāyasi brahmaputrá iva sávaneṣu śaṃsasi.
     vṛ́ṣeva vājī́ śíśumatīrapī́tyā sarváto naḥ śakune bhadrámā́ vada viśváto naḥ śakune púṇyamā́ vada.

     Thou like the chanter-priest chantest the holy song, O Bird; thou singest at libations like a Brahman's son.
     Even as a vigorous horse when he comes near the mare, announce to us good fortune, Bird, on every side, proclaim in all directions happy luck, O Bird.

2. to praise in song
3. to relate in metrical language

Conjugation

Present: गाय॑ति (gā́yati), गाय॑ते (gā́yate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	गाय॑ति gā́yati	गाय॑तः gā́yataḥ	गाय॑न्ति gā́yanti	गाय॑ते gā́yate	गाये॑ते gā́yete	गाय॑न्ते gā́yante
Second	गाय॑सि gā́yasi	गाय॑थः gā́yathaḥ	गाय॑थ gā́yatha	गाय॑से gā́yase	गाये॑थे gā́yethe	गाय॑ध्वे gā́yadhve
First	गाया॑मि gā́yāmi	गाया॑वः gā́yāvaḥ	गाया॑मः / गाया॑मसि¹ gā́yāmaḥ / gā́yāmasi¹	गाये॑ gā́ye	गाया॑वहे gā́yāvahe	गाया॑महे gā́yāmahe
Imperative
Third	गाय॑तु gā́yatu	गाय॑ताम् gā́yatām	गाय॑न्तु gā́yantu	गाय॑ताम् gā́yatām	गाये॑ताम् gā́yetām	गाय॑न्ताम् gā́yantām
Second	गाय॑ gā́ya	गाय॑तम् gā́yatam	गाय॑त gā́yata	गाय॑स्व gā́yasva	गाये॑थाम् gā́yethām	गाय॑ध्वम् gā́yadhvam
First	गाया॑नि gā́yāni	गाया॑व gā́yāva	गाया॑म gā́yāma	गायै॑ gā́yai	गाया॑वहै gā́yāvahai	गाया॑महै gā́yāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	गाये॑त् gā́yet	गाये॑ताम् gā́yetām	गाये॑युः gā́yeyuḥ	गाये॑त gā́yeta	गाये॑याताम् gā́yeyātām	गाये॑रन् gā́yeran
Second	गायेः॑ gā́yeḥ	गाये॑तम् gā́yetam	गाये॑त gā́yeta	गाये॑थाः gā́yethāḥ	गाये॑याथाम् gā́yeyāthām	गाये॑ध्वम् gā́yedhvam
First	गाये॑यम् gā́yeyam	गाये॑व gā́yeva	गाये॑म gā́yema	गाये॑य gā́yeya	गाये॑वहि gā́yevahi	गाये॑महि gā́yemahi
Subjunctive
Third	गाया॑त् / गाया॑ति gā́yāt / gā́yāti	गाया॑तः gā́yātaḥ	गाया॑न् gā́yān	गाया॑ते / गाया॑तै gā́yāte / gā́yātai	गायै॑ते gā́yaite	गाय॑न्त / गाया॑न्तै gā́yanta / gā́yāntai
Second	गायाः॑ / गाया॑सि gā́yāḥ / gā́yāsi	गाया॑थः gā́yāthaḥ	गाया॑थ gā́yātha	गाया॑से / गाया॑सै gā́yāse / gā́yāsai	गायै॑थे gā́yaithe	गाया॑ध्वै gā́yādhvai
First	गाया॑नि gā́yāni	गाया॑व gā́yāva	गाया॑म gā́yāma	गायै॑ gā́yai	गाया॑वहै gā́yāvahai	गाया॑महै gā́yāmahai
Participles
	गाय॑त् gā́yat			गाय॑मान gā́yamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अगा॑यत् (ágāyat), अगा॑यत (ágāyata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अगा॑यत् ágāyat	अगा॑यताम् ágāyatām	अगा॑यन् ágāyan	अगा॑यत ágāyata	अगा॑येताम् ágāyetām	अगा॑यन्त ágāyanta
Second	अगा॑यः ágāyaḥ	अगा॑यतम् ágāyatam	अगा॑यत ágāyata	अगा॑यथाः ágāyathāḥ	अगा॑येथाम् ágāyethām	अगा॑यध्वम् ágāyadhvam
First	अगा॑यम् ágāyam	अगा॑याव ágāyāva	अगा॑याम ágāyāma	अगा॑ये ágāye	अगा॑यावहि ágāyāvahi	अगा॑यामहि ágāyāmahi

Related terms

• गीत (gītá)
• गायन (gāyána)
• गायत्री (gāyatrī́)
• गाथा (gāthā́)

Descendants

• Khasa Prakrit:
  • Nepali: गाउनु (gāunu)
• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Assamese: গা (ga)
  • Bengali: গাওয়া (gaōẇa)
  • Rohingya: gaá
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇 (gāaï), 𑀕𑀸𑀬𑀇 (gāyaï) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, 𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀤𑀺 (gāadi) — Śaurasenī, 𑀕𑀸𑀇 (gāi)
  • Konkani:

    Devanagari script: गाव्चे

    Kannada script: ಗಾವ್ಚೆ

    Latin script: gavche

  • Old Marathi: gāṇe

    Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘜𑘹

    Devanagari script: गाणे

    • Marathi: गाणे (gāṇe)
  • Konkani:

    Devanagari script: गाव्चे

    Kannada script: ಗಾವ್ಚೆ

    Latin script: gavche

  • Old Marathi: gāṇe

    Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘜𑘹

    Devanagari script: गाणे

    • Marathi: गाणे (gāṇe)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Takka Apabhramsa:
    • Punjabi:

      Gurmukhi script: ਗਾਣਾ (gāṇā), ਗਾਉਣਾ (gāuṇā)

      Shahmukhi script: گاݨا (gāṇā)

  • Vracada Apabhramsa:
    • Sindhi:

      Arabic script: ڳَائِڻُ (g̠āiṇu)

      Devanagari script: ॻाइणु

• Pali: gāyati
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀤𑀺 (gāadi)
  • Gurjara Apabhramsa:
    • Gujarati: ગાવું (gāvũ)
  • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: गाना (gānā)

      Urdu: گانا (gānā)