ग्रन्थ

Hindi

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡɾənt̪ʰ/, [ɡɾɐ̃n̪t̪ʰ]

Noun

ग्रन्थ • (granth) m

Alternative spelling of ग्रंथ (granth)

Declension

Declension of *ग्रन्थ* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	ग्रन्थ granth	ग्रन्थ granth
oblique	ग्रन्थ granth	ग्रन्थों granthõ
vocative	ग्रन्थ granth	ग्रन्थो grantho

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

গ্ৰন্থ (Assamese script)
ᬕ᭄ᬭᬦ᭄ᬣ (Balinese script)
গ্রন্থ (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰿𑰨𑰡𑰿𑰞 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑁆𑀭𑀦𑁆𑀣 (Brahmi script)
ဂြန္ထ (Burmese script)
ગ્રન્થ (Gujarati script)
ਗ੍ਰਨ੍ਥ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑍍𑌰𑌨𑍍𑌥 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦿꦤ꧀ꦡ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂹𑂩𑂢𑂹𑂟 (Kaithi script)
ಗ್ರನ್ಥ (Kannada script)
គ្រន្ថ (Khmer script)
ຄ຺ຣນ຺ຖ (Lao script)
ഗ്രന്ഥ (Malayalam script)
ᡤᡵᠠᠨᡨᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘿𑘨𑘡𑘿𑘞 (Modi script)
ᠺᠷᠠᠨᠲᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑧠𑧈𑧁𑧠𑦾 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐣𑑂𑐠 (Newa script)
ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ (Odia script)
ꢔ꣄ꢬꢥ꣄ꢢ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑇀𑆫𑆤𑇀𑆡 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖿𑖨𑖡𑖿𑖞 (Siddham script)
ග්‍රන්‍ථ (Sinhalese script)
𑩞 𑪙𑩼𑩯 𑪙𑩬 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚶𑚤𑚝𑚶𑚚 (Takri script)
க்³ரந்த² (Tamil script)
గ్రన్థ (Telugu script)
คฺรนฺถ (Thai script)
གྲ་ནྠ (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑩇𑨫𑨝𑩇𑨚 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root ग्रन्थ् (granth, “to tie together”). Possibly cognate with English cart, crate and cradle.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɾɐn.tʰɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɾɐn̪.t̪ʰɐ/

Noun

ग्रन्थ • (grantha) stem, m

tying, binding, stringing together
= ग्रन्थि (granthí), a knot
honeycomb
an artificial arrangement of words, (especially of 32 syllables = श्लोक (śloka)), verse, composition, treatise, literary production, book in prose or verse, text (opposed to अर्थ (artha, “meaning”))
verse
composition, treatise, literary production, book in prose or verse, text
a section
Guru Granth Sahib, the book or sacred scriptures of the Sikhs containing short moral poems by Nanak Shah and others
wealth, property

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ग्रन्थ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ग्रन्थः (granthaḥ)	ग्रन्थौ (granthau) ग्रन्था¹ (granthā¹)	ग्रन्थाः (granthāḥ) ग्रन्थासः¹ (granthāsaḥ¹)
accusative	ग्रन्थम् (grantham)	ग्रन्थौ (granthau) ग्रन्था¹ (granthā¹)	ग्रन्थान् (granthān)
instrumental	ग्रन्थेन (granthena)	ग्रन्थाभ्याम् (granthābhyām)	ग्रन्थैः (granthaiḥ) ग्रन्थेभिः¹ (granthebhiḥ¹)
dative	ग्रन्थाय (granthāya)	ग्रन्थाभ्याम् (granthābhyām)	ग्रन्थेभ्यः (granthebhyaḥ)
ablative	ग्रन्थात् (granthāt)	ग्रन्थाभ्याम् (granthābhyām)	ग्रन्थेभ्यः (granthebhyaḥ)
genitive	ग्रन्थस्य (granthasya)	ग्रन्थयोः (granthayoḥ)	ग्रन्थानाम् (granthānām)
locative	ग्रन्थे (granthe)	ग्रन्थयोः (granthayoḥ)	ग्रन्थेषु (grantheṣu)
vocative	ग्रन्थ (grantha)	ग्रन्थौ (granthau) ग्रन्था¹ (granthā¹)	ग्रन्थाः (granthāḥ) ग्रन्थासः¹ (granthāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: گَنڈ (ganḍ)
Pali: gantha
Prakrit: 𑀕𑀀𑀣 (gam̐tha)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Hindustani: gath
      - Hindi: गथ
      - Urdu: گَتھ (gath)
    - Old Gujarati:
      - Marwari: गंझोड़ो (gañjhoṛo)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: গঁথা (gõtha)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Garhwali: गाँठु (gā̃ṭhu)
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Sinhalese: ගත (gata)
- Western:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Old Punjabi: ਗੱਥੁ (gatthu)
        Punjabi: gath
        Gurmukhi script: ਗਥ
        
        Shahmukhi script: گَتھ
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: g̠aṇḍhu, g̠aṇḍho
        Arabic script: ڳَڻڍُ, ڳَڻڍو
        
        Devanagari script: ॻंढु, ॻंढो
→ Assamese: গ্ৰন্থ (grontho)
→ Hindi: ग्रन्थ (granth)
→ Dhivehi: ގުރަނދަ (guraⁿda) (learned)
→ Middle Chinese: 伽蘭他 (MC gja lan tha)
→ Malayalam: ഗ്രന്ഥം (granthaṁ)
→ Marathi: ग्रन्थ (grantha)
→ Tamil: கிரந்தம் (kirantam)
- → English: Grantha
→ Telugu: గ్రంథము (granthamu)
Nusantaro-Maharlikan:
Malay:
- unspecified script: 𑼔𑽂𑼬𑼥𑽂𑼢
- Latin script: Grantha
- Arabic script: ڬرنتا
  - → Indonesian: Grantha
→ Javanese: ꦒꦿꦤ꧀ꦡ (granța)
→ Balinese: ᬕ᭄ᬭᬦ᭄ᬣ
→ Sundanese: granta
→ Tocharian A: granth (learned)
→ Tocharian B: krānt (learned)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “ग्रन्थ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0371/1.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “grantha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 233