रमते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৰমতে (Assamese script)
• ᬭᬫᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
• রমতে (Bengali script)
• 𑰨𑰦𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀭𑀫𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
• ရမတေ (Burmese script)
• રમતે (Gujarati script)
• ਰਮਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌰𑌮𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
• ꦫꦩꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
• 𑂩𑂧𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
• ರಮತೇ (Kannada script)
• រមតេ (Khmer script)
• ຣມເຕ (Lao script)
• രമതേ (Malayalam script)
• ᡵᠠᠮᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
• 𑘨𑘦𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
• ᠷᠠᠮᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧈𑧆𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐬𑐩𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
• ରମତେ (Odia script)
• ꢬꢪꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆫𑆩𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
• 𑖨𑖦𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
• රමතෙ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩼𑩴𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚤𑚢𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
• ரமதே (Tamil script)
• రమతే (Telugu script)
• รมเต (Thai script)
• ར་མ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒩𑒧𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨫𑨢𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrámatay, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rém-e-ti, from *h₁rem- (“to rest”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔρᾰμαι (éramai), Lithuanian rìmti. Compare also Proto-Turkic *badram, an Iranian borrowing, ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾɐ́.mɐ.tɐj/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɾɐ.mɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

रमते • (rámate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, root रम्)

1. to delight, enjoy, be glad, please
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.145.4:

     न॒ह्य॑स्या॒ नाम॑ गृ॒भ्णामि॒ नो अ॒स्मिन्र॒मते॒ जने॑ ।
     परा॑मे॒व प॑रा॒वतं॑ स॒पत्नीं॑ गमयामसि ॥

     nahyàsyā nā́ma gṛbhṇā́mi nó asmínramáte jáne.
     párāmevá parāvátaṃ sapátnīṃ gamayāmasi.

     I mention not her name [for] she takes no pleasure in this man. Far into distance most remote we drive the rival wife away.

   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
2. to stop, stay; rest
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.38.2:

     विश्व॑स्य॒ हि श्रु॒ष्टये॑ दे॒व ऊ॒र्ध्वः प्र बा॒हवा॑ पृ॒थुपा॑णि॒: सिस॑र्ति ।
     आप॑श्चिदस्य व्र॒त आ निमृ॑ग्रा अ॒यं चि॒द्वातो॑ रमते॒ परि॑ज्मन् ॥

     víśvasya hí śruṣṭáye devá ūrdhváḥ prá bāhávā pṛthúpāṇi: sísarti.
     ā́paścidasya vratá ā́ nímṛgrā ayáṃ cidvā́to ramate párijman.

     Having gone up on high, the God broadhanded spreads his arms widely forth that all may mark him. Even the waters bend them to his service; even this wind rests in the circling region.

   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 3.56:

     यत्र नार्यस्तु पूज्यन्ते रमन्ते तत्र देवताः ।
     यत्रैतास्तु न पूज्यन्ते सर्वास्तत्राफलाः क्रियाः ॥

     yatra nāryastu pūjyante ramante tatra devatāḥ.
     yatraitāstu na pūjyante sarvāstatrāphalāḥ kriyāḥ.

     Where women are honoured and worshipped, there stay the divinities.
     On the other hand, where they are not honoured, every action in unfruitful.

3. to have sexual intercourse
4. to play with, put to stake (with instrumental)

Conjugation

Present: रमते (rámate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	रमते rámate	रमेते rámete	रमन्ते rámante
Second	- -	- -	- -	रमसे rámase	रमेथे rámethe	रमध्वे rámadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	रमे ráme	रमावहे rámāvahe	रमामहे rámāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	रमताम् rámatām	रमेताम् rámetām	रमन्ताम् rámantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	रमस्व rámasva	रमेथाम् rámethām	रमध्वम् rámadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	रमै rámai	रमावहै rámāvahai	रमामहै rámāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	रमेत rámeta	रमेयाताम् rámeyātām	रमेरन् rámeran
Second	- -	- -	- -	रमेथाः rámethāḥ	रमेयाथाम् rámeyāthām	रमेध्वम् rámedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	रमेय rámeya	रमेवहि rámevahi	रमेमहि rámemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	रमाते / रमातै rámāte / rámātai	रमैते rámaite	रमन्त / रमान्तै rámanta / rámāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	रमासे / रमासै rámāse / rámāsai	रमैथे rámaithe	रमाध्वै rámādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	रमै rámai	रमावहै rámāvahai	रमामहै rámāmahai
Participles
	- -			रममाण rámamāṇa
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: अरमत (áramata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	अरमत áramata	अरमेताम् árametām	अरमन्त áramanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	अरमथाः áramathāḥ	अरमेथाम् áramethām	अरमध्वम् áramadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	अरमे árame	अरमावहि áramāvahi	अरमामहि áramāmahi

Descendants

• Pali: ramati
• Prakrit: 𑀭𑀫𑀇 (ramaï)
  • Old Gujarati: रमइ (ramaï)
    • Gujarati: રમવું (ramvũ)
  • Hindustani: ramnā

    Hindi: रमना

    Urdu: رَمنا

  • Marathi: रमणे (ramṇe)
  • Punjabi: ਰਮਣਾ (ramṇā)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “रमते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 867.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “ram”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “rámatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 615
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “रम्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1329