शुभ्र
Sanskrit
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śubʰrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćubʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱubʰ-rós, from *ḱewbʰ- (“beautiful, clean”). Cognate with Old Armenian սուրբ (surb, “pure, holy”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
शुभ्र • (śubhrá)
- bright, radiant, shining
- beautiful, splendid
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.11.4:
- शुभ्रं नु ते शुष्मं वर्धयन्तः शुभ्रं वज्रं बाह्वोर्दधानाः।
शुभ्रस्त्वमिन्द्र वावृधानो अस्मे दासीर्विशः सूर्येण सह्याः॥- śubhraṃ nu te śuṣmaṃ vardhayantaḥ śubhraṃ vajraṃ bāhvordadhānāḥ.
śubhrastvamindra vāvṛdhāno asme dāsīrviśaḥ sūryeṇa sahyāḥ. - We who add strength to thine own splendid vigour, laying within thine arms the splendid thunder—
With us mayst thou, O Indra, waxen splendid, with Sūrya overcome the Dāsa races.
- śubhraṃ nu te śuṣmaṃ vardhayantaḥ śubhraṃ vajraṃ bāhvordadhānāḥ.
- शुभ्रं नु ते शुष्मं वर्धयन्तः शुभ्रं वज्रं बाह्वोर्दधानाः।
- clear, spotless
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of शुभ्र (śubhrá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | शुभ्रः śubhráḥ |
शुभ्रौ / शुभ्रा¹ śubhraú / śubhrā́¹ |
शुभ्राः / शुभ्रासः¹ śubhrā́ḥ / śubhrā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | शुभ्र śúbhra |
शुभ्रौ / शुभ्रा¹ śúbhrau / śúbhrā¹ |
शुभ्राः / शुभ्रासः¹ śúbhrāḥ / śúbhrāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | शुभ्रम् śubhrám |
शुभ्रौ / शुभ्रा¹ śubhraú / śubhrā́¹ |
शुभ्रान् śubhrā́n |
Instrumental | शुभ्रेण śubhréṇa |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्रैः / शुभ्रेभिः¹ śubhraíḥ / śubhrébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | शुभ्राय śubhrā́ya |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्रेभ्यः śubhrébhyaḥ |
Ablative | शुभ्रात् śubhrā́t |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्रेभ्यः śubhrébhyaḥ |
Genitive | शुभ्रस्य śubhrásya |
शुभ्रयोः śubhráyoḥ |
शुभ्राणाम् śubhrā́ṇām |
Locative | शुभ्रे śubhré |
शुभ्रयोः śubhráyoḥ |
शुभ्रेषु śubhréṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of शुभ्रा (śubhrā́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | शुभ्रा śubhrā́ |
शुभ्रे śubhré |
शुभ्राः śubhrā́ḥ |
Vocative | शुभ्रे śúbhre |
शुभ्रे śúbhre |
शुभ्राः śúbhrāḥ |
Accusative | शुभ्राम् śubhrā́m |
शुभ्रे śubhré |
शुभ्राः śubhrā́ḥ |
Instrumental | शुभ्रया / शुभ्रा¹ śubhráyā / śubhrā́¹ |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्राभिः śubhrā́bhiḥ |
Dative | शुभ्रायै śubhrā́yai |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्राभ्यः śubhrā́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | शुभ्रायाः / शुभ्रायै² śubhrā́yāḥ / śubhrā́yai² |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्राभ्यः śubhrā́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | शुभ्रायाः / शुभ्रायै² śubhrā́yāḥ / śubhrā́yai² |
शुभ्रयोः śubhráyoḥ |
शुभ्राणाम् śubhrā́ṇām |
Locative | शुभ्रायाम् śubhrā́yām |
शुभ्रयोः śubhráyoḥ |
शुभ्रासु śubhrā́su |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of शुभ्र (śubhrá) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | शुभ्रम् śubhrám |
शुभ्रे śubhré |
शुभ्राणि / शुभ्रा¹ śubhrā́ṇi / śubhrā́¹ |
Vocative | शुभ्र śúbhra |
शुभ्रे śúbhre |
शुभ्राणि / शुभ्रा¹ śúbhrāṇi / śúbhrā¹ |
Accusative | शुभ्रम् śubhrám |
शुभ्रे śubhré |
शुभ्राणि / शुभ्रा¹ śubhrā́ṇi / śubhrā́¹ |
Instrumental | शुभ्रेण śubhréṇa |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्रैः / शुभ्रेभिः¹ śubhraíḥ / śubhrébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | शुभ्राय śubhrā́ya |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्रेभ्यः śubhrébhyaḥ |
Ablative | शुभ्रात् śubhrā́t |
शुभ्राभ्याम् śubhrā́bhyām |
शुभ्रेभ्यः śubhrébhyaḥ |
Genitive | शुभ्रस्य śubhrásya |
शुभ्रयोः śubhráyoḥ |
शुभ्राणाम् śubhrā́ṇām |
Locative | शुभ्रे śubhré |
शुभ्रयोः śubhráyoḥ |
शुभ्रेषु śubhréṣu |
Notes |
|
Borrowed terms
- → Telugu: శుభ్రము (śubhramu)
Descendants
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- Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
- Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “शुभ्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1084.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śubhrá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit terms with quotations