शुभ्र

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Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śubʰrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćubʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱubʰ-rós, from *ḱewbʰ- (beautiful, clean). Cognate with Old Armenian սուրբ (surb, pure, holy).

Pronunciation

Adjective

शुभ्र (śubhrá)

  1. bright, radiant, shining
  2. beautiful, splendid
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.11.4:
      शुभ्रं नु ते शुष्मं वर्धयन्तः शुभ्रं वज्रं बाह्वोर्दधानाः।
      शुभ्रस्त्वमिन्द्र वावृधानो अस्मे दासीर्विशः सूर्येण सह्याः॥
      śubhraṃ nu te śuṣmaṃ vardhayantaḥ śubhraṃ vajraṃ bāhvordadhānāḥ.
      śubhrastvamindra vāvṛdhāno asme dāsīrviśaḥ sūryeṇa sahyāḥ.
      We who add strength to thine own splendid vigour, laying within thine arms the splendid thunder—
      With us mayst thou, O Indra, waxen splendid, with Sūrya overcome the Dāsa races.
  3. clear, spotless

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शुभ्र (śubhrá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शुभ्रः
śubhráḥ
शुभ्रौ / शुभ्रा¹
śubhraú / śubhrā́¹
शुभ्राः / शुभ्रासः¹
śubhrā́ḥ / śubhrā́saḥ¹
Vocative शुभ्र
śúbhra
शुभ्रौ / शुभ्रा¹
śúbhrau / śúbhrā¹
शुभ्राः / शुभ्रासः¹
śúbhrāḥ / śúbhrāsaḥ¹
Accusative शुभ्रम्
śubhrám
शुभ्रौ / शुभ्रा¹
śubhraú / śubhrā́¹
शुभ्रान्
śubhrā́n
Instrumental शुभ्रेण
śubhréṇa
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्रैः / शुभ्रेभिः¹
śubhraíḥ / śubhrébhiḥ¹
Dative शुभ्राय
śubhrā́ya
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्रेभ्यः
śubhrébhyaḥ
Ablative शुभ्रात्
śubhrā́t
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्रेभ्यः
śubhrébhyaḥ
Genitive शुभ्रस्य
śubhrásya
शुभ्रयोः
śubhráyoḥ
शुभ्राणाम्
śubhrā́ṇām
Locative शुभ्रे
śubhré
शुभ्रयोः
śubhráyoḥ
शुभ्रेषु
śubhréṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of शुभ्रा (śubhrā́)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शुभ्रा
śubhrā́
शुभ्रे
śubhré
शुभ्राः
śubhrā́ḥ
Vocative शुभ्रे
śúbhre
शुभ्रे
śúbhre
शुभ्राः
śúbhrāḥ
Accusative शुभ्राम्
śubhrā́m
शुभ्रे
śubhré
शुभ्राः
śubhrā́ḥ
Instrumental शुभ्रया / शुभ्रा¹
śubhráyā / śubhrā́¹
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्राभिः
śubhrā́bhiḥ
Dative शुभ्रायै
śubhrā́yai
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्राभ्यः
śubhrā́bhyaḥ
Ablative शुभ्रायाः / शुभ्रायै²
śubhrā́yāḥ / śubhrā́yai²
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्राभ्यः
śubhrā́bhyaḥ
Genitive शुभ्रायाः / शुभ्रायै²
śubhrā́yāḥ / śubhrā́yai²
शुभ्रयोः
śubhráyoḥ
शुभ्राणाम्
śubhrā́ṇām
Locative शुभ्रायाम्
śubhrā́yām
शुभ्रयोः
śubhráyoḥ
शुभ्रासु
śubhrā́su
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of शुभ्र (śubhrá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शुभ्रम्
śubhrám
शुभ्रे
śubhré
शुभ्राणि / शुभ्रा¹
śubhrā́ṇi / śubhrā́¹
Vocative शुभ्र
śúbhra
शुभ्रे
śúbhre
शुभ्राणि / शुभ्रा¹
śúbhrāṇi / śúbhrā¹
Accusative शुभ्रम्
śubhrám
शुभ्रे
śubhré
शुभ्राणि / शुभ्रा¹
śubhrā́ṇi / śubhrā́¹
Instrumental शुभ्रेण
śubhréṇa
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्रैः / शुभ्रेभिः¹
śubhraíḥ / śubhrébhiḥ¹
Dative शुभ्राय
śubhrā́ya
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्रेभ्यः
śubhrébhyaḥ
Ablative शुभ्रात्
śubhrā́t
शुभ्राभ्याम्
śubhrā́bhyām
शुभ्रेभ्यः
śubhrébhyaḥ
Genitive शुभ्रस्य
śubhrásya
शुभ्रयोः
śubhráyoḥ
शुभ्राणाम्
śubhrā́ṇām
Locative शुभ्रे
śubhré
शुभ्रयोः
śubhráyoḥ
शुभ्रेषु
śubhréṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Borrowed terms

  • Telugu: శుభ్రము (śubhramu)

Descendants

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References