स्पृ
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- स्पर् (spar)
Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- স্পৃ (Assamese script)
- ᬲ᭄ᬧᬺ (Balinese script)
- স্পৃ (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰿𑰢𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑁆𑀧𑀾 (Brahmi script)
- သ္ပၖ (Burmese script)
- સ્પૃ (Gujarati script)
- ਸ੍ਪ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑍍𑌪𑍃 (Grantha script)
- ꦱ꧀ꦥꦽ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂹𑂣𑃂 (Kaithi script)
- ಸ್ಪೃ (Kannada script)
- ស្ប្ឫ (Khmer script)
- ສ຺ປ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
- സ്പൃ (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᢒᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘿𑘢𑘵 (Modi script)
- ᠰᢒᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧠𑧂𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑑂𑐥𑐺 (Newa script)
- ସ୍ପୃ (Odia script)
- ꢱ꣄ꢦꢺ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑇀𑆥𑆸 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖿𑖢𑖴 (Siddham script)
- ස්පෘ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁 𑪙𑩰𑩙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚶𑚞 (Takri script)
- ஸ்ப்ரி (Tamil script)
- స్పృ (Telugu script)
- สฺปฺฤ (Thai script)
- སྤྲྀ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑩇𑨞𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to release, rescue, deliver, secure”), and cognate with English spare (“to show mercy”); this is tentatively supported by Cheung, though viewed with skepticism by Mayrhofer.[1][2][3]
Some separate the "win" senses from the "extricate" senses, and derive the former from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to make money”),[4] connecting them with पण् (paṇ, “to barter”); however, this is uncertain.
Turner alternatively suggests the root to be an s-mobile extension of पृ (pṛ, “to bring”), with original meaning "to convey".[5]
Pronunciation
[edit]Root
[edit]स्पृ • (spṛ)
- to release, extricate or deliver from
- to save, gain, win
- (causative स्पारयति) to attract to one's self, win
- to preserve, save, rescue
- to gladden, delight, gratify, bestow
Derived terms
[edit]- स्पृणोति (spṛṇóti)
References
[edit]- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*spar”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 351
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “spārhá- (> line 2 > SPṚ, s. SPAR.)”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 775
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “SPAR”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 773
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976), “spṛṇóti”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][3] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 538
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “phirati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 510
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “स्पृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1268, column 3.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), “spṛ”, in The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 196
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “स्पृ”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “स्पृ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 579
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 992