ஆ
| ||||||||
Translingual
[edit]Letter
[edit]ஆ (ā)
- The second letter of the Tamil script.
Tamil
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Letter
[edit]ஆ • (ā)
- The second vowel of Tamil, written in the Tamil script.
See also
[edit]- (matra): ா
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *ā- (“to be, become”).
Alternative forms
[edit]- ஆகு (āku), (Spoken Tamil) ஆவு (āvu)
Verb
[edit]ஆ • (ā) (intransitive)
- to be
- to become
- Synonym: மாறு (māṟu)
- to be created, to come into existence
- to happen, occur
- to be fit, proper, agreeable, congenial, on friendly terms
- Synonyms: ஒத்துக்கொள் (ottukkoḷ), இணங்கு (iṇaṅku)
- to pass, as time
- to be done, finished (as a deed)
- Synonyms: முடி (muṭi), முற்றுபெறு (muṟṟupeṟu)
- (of time, expenses, etc.) to take, cost, come to
- to prosper, flourish
- Synonym: செழி (ceḻi)
- to be like, equal
- Synonym: ஒ (o)
- to stand in the relation of, as a friend or a blood relation
- a verbaliser signifying the passive voice, mostly used in the sense of 'subject to the state (mentioned)'
- கைதாகு ― kaitāku ― "to be arrested"
- (auxiliary) only the form ஆக (āka) with வேண்டும் (vēṇṭum) - conveys a sense of necessity; must (often used with தான் (tāṉ) or -ஏ (-ē))
- சாப்பாட்டை சாப்பிட்டு தான் ஆகவேண்டும்.
- cāppāṭṭai cāppiṭṭu tāṉ ākavēṇṭum.
- (The subject) must eat food.
Usage notes
[edit]While Tamil does not require a copula (zero copula), this verb, especially in its future forms, is often used in formal speech and writing in a manner equivalent to the English be.
For example,
- nāṉ vivacāyi āvēṉ.
- I am a farmer.
is the same as
- nāṉ vivacāyi.
- I am a farmer.
- (literally, “I farmer”)
Spoken Tamil, though, is far less dependent on this copula.
Conjugation
[edit]This verb has two conjugations, differing only in the past tense. The first one is the more predominant one.
Conjugation 1
[edit]Conjugation 2
[edit]Alternatively, the third singular neuter past can also be 'ஆயிற்று (āyiṟṟu)'.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Interjection
[edit]ஆ • (ā)
- Ah, ow - expressing pain, irritation, pity, regret, wonder, admiration
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:ஐயோ
- Ah - expressing sultriness, recollection
Etymology 4
[edit]Interjection
[edit]ஆ • (ā)
- (imperative) used to prompt a person to open their mouth
Noun
[edit]ஆ • (ā)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ஆ ā |
- |
| vocative | ஆவே āvē |
- |
| accusative | ஆவை āvai |
- |
| dative | ஆவுக்கு āvukku |
- |
| benefactive | ஆவுக்காக āvukkāka |
- |
| genitive 1 | ஆவுடைய āvuṭaiya |
- |
| genitive 2 | ஆவின் āviṉ |
- |
| locative 1 | ஆவில் āvil |
- |
| locative 2 | ஆவிடம் āviṭam |
- |
| sociative 1 | ஆவோடு āvōṭu |
- |
| sociative 2 | ஆவுடன் āvuṭaṉ |
- |
| instrumental | ஆவால் āvāl |
- |
| ablative | ஆவிலிருந்து āviliruntu |
- |
Etymology 5
[edit]From Old Tamil 𑀆 (ā), from Proto-Dravidian *ā. Cognate with Kannada ಆವು (āvu), Malayalam ആവ് (āvŭ) and Telugu ఆవు (āvu).
Noun
[edit]- cow
- Synonym: மாடு (māṭu)
- ஆவின் கடைமணி உகுநீர் நெஞ்சு சுடத் தான்தன்...
- āviṉ kaṭaimaṇi ukunīr neñcu cuṭat tāṉtaṉ...
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ஆ ā |
ஆக்கள் ākkaḷ |
| vocative | ஆவே āvē |
ஆக்களே ākkaḷē |
| accusative | ஆவை āvai |
ஆக்களை ākkaḷai |
| dative | ஆவுக்கு āvukku |
ஆக்களுக்கு ākkaḷukku |
| benefactive | ஆவுக்காக āvukkāka |
ஆக்களுக்காக ākkaḷukkāka |
| genitive 1 | ஆவுடைய āvuṭaiya |
ஆக்களுடைய ākkaḷuṭaiya |
| genitive 2 | ஆவின் āviṉ |
ஆக்களின் ākkaḷiṉ |
| locative 1 | ஆவில் āvil |
ஆக்களில் ākkaḷil |
| locative 2 | ஆவிடம் āviṭam |
ஆக்களிடம் ākkaḷiṭam |
| sociative 1 | ஆவோடு āvōṭu |
ஆக்களோடு ākkaḷōṭu |
| sociative 2 | ஆவுடன் āvuṭaṉ |
ஆக்களுடன் ākkaḷuṭaṉ |
| instrumental | ஆவால் āvāl |
ஆக்களால் ākkaḷāl |
| ablative | ஆவிலிருந்து āviliruntu |
ஆக்களிலிருந்து ākkaḷiliruntu |
Etymology 6
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *aH. Cognate with Kannada ಆ (ā), Malayalam ആ (ā) and Telugu ఆ (ā).
Determiner
[edit]Etymology 7
[edit]Interjection
[edit]ஆ • (ā)
Particle
[edit]ஆ • (ā)
References
[edit]- University of Madras (1924–1936), “ஆ-தல்”, in Tamil Lexicon, Madras [Chennai]: Diocesan Press
- Johann Philipp Fabricius (1779), “ஆ”, in A Malabar and English Dictionary, Tranquebar: Evangelical Lutheran Mission Pub. House; republished as Tamil and English Dictionary, 1972
- University of Madras (1924–1936), “ஆ”, in Tamil Lexicon, Madras [Chennai]: Diocesan Press
- S. Ramakrishnan (1992), “ஆகு”, in தற்காலத் தமிழ் அகராதி [Dictionary of Contemporary Tamil] (in Tamil), Madras: Cre-A Publishers, page [1]
- Character boxes with images
- Tamil block
- Tamil script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual letters
- Tamil terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tamil terms with audio pronunciation
- Tamil lemmas
- Tamil letters
- Tamil terms inherited from Proto-Dravidian
- Tamil terms derived from Proto-Dravidian
- Tamil verbs
- Tamil intransitive verbs
- Tamil terms with usage examples
- ta:Time
- Tamil auxiliary verbs
- Tamil verbs of conjugation 3
- Tamil irregular verbs
- Tamil interjections
- Tamil onomatopoeias
- Tamil nouns
- Tamil childish terms
- Tamil irregular nouns
- Tamil terms inherited from Old Tamil
- Tamil terms derived from Old Tamil
- Tamil literary terms
- Tamil determiners
- Tamil dialectal terms
- Tamil particles
- ta:Cattle
- ta:Female animals
- Tamil 1-letter words
- Tamil demonstrative determiners