ἄκανθα
Appearance
See also: άκανθα
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Traditionally derived from ἀκή (akḗ, “thorn”) + ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”), though Beekes considers this theory outdated and prefers to take the word as Pre-Greek. Probably not related to Sanskrit कण्टक (káṇṭaka, “thorn, thornbush; prick, needle”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.kan.tʰa/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.kan.tʰa/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.kan.θa/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.kan.θa/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.kan.θa/
Noun
[edit]ᾰ̓́κᾰνθᾰ • (ắkănthă) f (genitive ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθης); first declension
- thorny plant
- (Egypt) specifically Vachellia nilotica (phono-semantic matching of Coptic ϣⲟⲛϯ (šonti))
- thorn, spine, prickle
- (figuratively) thorny issue; something difficult or painful
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ᾰ̓́κᾰνθᾰ hē ắkănthă |
τὼ ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθᾱ tṑ ăkắnthā |
αἱ ᾰ̓́κᾰνθαι hai ắkănthai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθης tês ăkắnthēs |
τοῖν ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθαιν toîn ăkắnthain |
τῶν ᾰ̓κᾰνθῶν tôn ăkănthôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθῃ têi ăkắnthēi |
τοῖν ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθαιν toîn ăkắnthain |
ταῖς ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθαις taîs ăkắnthais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ᾰ̓́κᾰνθᾰν tḕn ắkănthăn |
τὼ ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθᾱ tṑ ăkắnthā |
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθᾱς tā̀s ăkắnthās | ||||||||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓́κᾰνθᾰ ắkănthă |
ᾰ̓κᾰ́νθᾱ ăkắnthā |
ᾰ̓́κᾰνθαι ắkănthai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]- ἀκανθέα (akanthéa)
- ἀκᾰνθῐ́ᾱς (akănthĭ́ās)
- ἀκᾰ́νθῐνος (akắnthĭnos)
- ἀκᾰ́νθῐον (akắnthĭon)
- ἀκανθίς (akanthís)
- ἀκᾰνθοφᾰ́γος (akănthophắgos)
- ἀκανθοφόρος (akanthophóros)
- λευκάκανθα (leukákantha)
- ὀξυάκανθα (oxuákantha)
- πυξάκανθα (puxákantha)
- τραγάκανθα (tragákantha)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄκανθα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 48-9
Further reading
[edit]- “ἄκανθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἄκανθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἄκανθα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἄκανθα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄκανθα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἄκανθα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- G173 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- ἄκανθα in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Kramer, Johannes (2010) “10. ἀκακία, ἄκανθα / acacia, acantha”, in Von der Papyrologie zur Romanistik (Archiv für Papyrusforschung und verwandte Gebiete; Beiheft 30), De Gruyter, , →ISBN, page 154
- ἄκανθα, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Categories:
- Ancient Greek compound terms
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek first-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension
- grc:Legumes
- Egyptian Ancient Greek
- Ancient Greek phono-semantic matchings from Coptic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Coptic