染みる
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Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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染 |
し Grade: 6 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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沁みる 滲みる 浸みる 泌みる |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese 染む (“to dye”).
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, “upper bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "染みる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
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Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
染みる | しみる | [shìmírú] |
Imperative (命令形) | 染みろ | しみろ | [shìmíró] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 染みられる | しみられる | [shìmírárérú] |
Causative | 染みさせる | しみさせる | [shìmísásérú] |
Potential | - | - | - |
Volitional | 染みよう | しみよー | [shìmíyóꜜò] |
Negative | 染みない | しみない | [shìmínáí] |
Negative perfective | 染みなかった | しみなかった | [shìmínáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 染みます | しみます | [shìmímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 染みた | しみた | [shìmítá] |
Conjunctive | 染みて | しみて | [shìmíté] |
Hypothetical conditional | 染みれば | しみれば | [shìmíréꜜbà] |
Verb
[edit]染みる • (shimiru) intransitive ichidan (stem 染み (shimi), past 染みた (shimita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "染みる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 染み | しみ | shimi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 染み | しみ | shimi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 染みる | しみる | shimiru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 染みる | しみる | shimiru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 染みれ | しみれ | shimire | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 染みよ¹ 染みろ² |
しみよ¹ しみろ² |
shimiyo¹ shimiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 染みられる | しみられる | shimirareru | |
Causative | 染みさせる 染みさす |
しみさせる しみさす |
shimisaseru shimisasu | |
Potential | 染みられる 染みれる³ |
しみられる しみれる³ |
shimirareru shimireru³ | |
Volitional | 染みよう | しみよう | shimiyō | |
Negative | 染みない 染みぬ 染みん |
しみない しみぬ しみん |
shiminai shiminu shimin | |
Negative continuative | 染みず | しみず | shimizu | |
Formal | 染みます | しみます | shimimasu | |
Perfective | 染みた | しみた | shimita | |
Conjunctive | 染みて | しみて | shimite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 染みれば | しみれば | shimireba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Suffix
[edit]染みる • (-jimiru) ichidan (stem 染み (-jimi), past 染みた (-jimita))
- (with a noun) to be soaked in […]
- (with a noun) to be like […]
References
[edit]- James M. Unger, Charles J. Quinn, Brian D. Joseph (2016); The Ohio State University, Proto-Korean-Japanese: A New Reconstruction of the Common Origin of the Japanese and Korean Languages, page 389-390.
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 染 read as し
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese type 2 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese suffixes