ꜥm

Egyptian

2-lit.

Conjugation of ꜥm (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ꜥm, geminated stem: ꜥmm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ꜥm	ꜥmw, ꜥm	ꜥmt	ꜥm, j.ꜥm	ꜥm, j.ꜥm

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ꜥm	ḥr ꜥm	m ꜥm	r ꜥm

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ꜥm.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ꜥm	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ꜥm	ꜥmm, ꜥmmj⁶, ꜥm², ꜥmw^{2 5}, ꜥmy^{2 5}
imperfective	j.ꜥm¹, ꜥm, ꜥmy, ꜥmw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	j.ꜥm¹, j.ꜥmw^{1 5}, ꜥm, ꜥmj⁶, ꜥmy⁶	ꜥm, ꜥmw⁵
prospective	ꜥm, ꜥmtj⁷	—	ꜥmtj⁴, ꜥmt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥm

ꜥm

James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 457.