경계하다
Korean
Etymology
From 경계 (警戒, gyeonggye) + —하다 (-hada).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkjɘ(ː)ŋɡje̞ɦa̠da̠] ~ [ˈkjɘ(ː)ŋɡe̞ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [경(ː)계하다/경(ː)게하다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gyeonggyehada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gyeonggyehada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kyŏnggyehada |
| Yale Romanization? | kyēngkyeyhata |
Adjective
경계하다 • (gyeonggyehada) (infinitive 경계해 or 경계하여, sequential 경계하니)
Conjugation
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 경계하다 gyeonggyehada |
경계해 gyeonggyehae |
경계해요 gyeonggyehaeyo |
경계합니다 gyeonggyehamnida |
| Past | 경계했다 gyeonggyehaetda |
경계했어 gyeonggyehaesseo |
경계했어요 gyeonggyehaesseoyo |
경계했습니다 gyeonggyehaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 경계하냐 gyeonggyehanya |
경계해 gyeonggyehae |
경계해요 gyeonggyehaeyo |
경계합니까 gyeonggyehamnikka |
| Past | 경계했냐 gyeonggyehaennya |
경계했어 gyeonggyehaesseo |
경계했어요 gyeonggyehaesseoyo |
경계했습니까 gyeonggyehaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 경계하겠다 gyeonggyehagetda |
경계하겠어 gyeonggyehagesseo |
경계하겠어요 gyeonggyehagesseoyo |
경계하겠습니다 gyeonggyehagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 경계해 gyeonggyehae |
경계해서, 경계하여서 gyeonggyehaeseo, gyeonggyehayeoseo |
경계하니 gyeonggyehani |
경계하니까 gyeonggyehanikka | |
| Contrast | 경계하지만 gyeonggyehajiman |
경계한데 gyeonggyehande |
경계하더니 gyeonggyehadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 경계하고 gyeonggyehago |
||||
| Condition | 경계하면 gyeonggyehamyeon |
경계해야, 경계하여야 gyeonggyehaeya, gyeonggyehayeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 경계함 gyeonggyeham |
경계하기 gyeonggyehagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 경계했음, 경계하였음 gyeonggyehaesseum, gyeonggyehayeosseum |
경계했기, 경계하였기 gyeonggyehaetgi, gyeonggyehayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 경계한 gyeonggyehan | |||
| Future | 경계할 gyeonggyehal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 경계하시다 gyeonggyehasida |
경계하셔 gyeonggyehasyeo |
경계하세요, 경계하셔요 gyeonggyehaseyo, gyeonggyehasyeoyo |
경계하십니다 gyeonggyehasimnida |
| Past | 경계하셨다 gyeonggyehasyeotda |
경계하셨어 gyeonggyehasyeosseo |
경계하셨어요 gyeonggyehasyeosseoyo |
경계하셨습니다 gyeonggyehasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 경계하시냐 gyeonggyehasinya |
경계하셔 gyeonggyehasyeo |
경계하세요, 경계하셔요 gyeonggyehaseyo, gyeonggyehasyeoyo |
경계하십니까 gyeonggyehasimnikka |
| Past | 경계하셨냐 gyeonggyehasyeonnya |
경계하셨어 gyeonggyehasyeosseo |
경계하셨어요 gyeonggyehasyeosseoyo |
경계하셨습니까 gyeonggyehasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 경계하시겠다 gyeonggyehasigetda |
경계하시겠어 gyeonggyehasigesseo |
경계하시겠어요 gyeonggyehasigesseoyo |
경계하시겠습니다 gyeonggyehasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 경계하셔 gyeonggyehasyeo |
경계하셔서 gyeonggyehasyeoseo |
경계하시니 gyeonggyehasini |
경계하시니까 gyeonggyehasinikka | |
| Contrast | 경계하시지만 gyeonggyehasijiman |
경계하신데 gyeonggyehasinde |
경계하시더니 gyeonggyehasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 경계하시고 gyeonggyehasigo |
||||
| Condition | 경계하시면 gyeonggyehasimyeon |
경계하셔야 gyeonggyehasyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 경계하심 gyeonggyehasim |
경계하시기 gyeonggyehasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 경계하셨음 gyeonggyehasyeosseum |
경계하셨기 gyeonggyehasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 경계하신 gyeonggyehasin | |||
| Future | 경계하실 gyeonggyehasil | ||||