서슴다
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Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in the Sohak eonhae (小學諺解 / 소학언해), 1586, as Middle Korean 시슴다 (Yale: sisumta).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰʌ̹sʰɯmda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [서슴다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | seoseumda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | seoseumda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | sŏsŭmda |
| Yale Romanization? | sesumta |
Verb
[edit]서슴다 • (seoseumda) (infinitive 서슴어, sequential 서슴으니)
Conjugation
[edit] Selected forms of the verb 서슴다 (seoseumda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 서슴는다 seoseumneunda |
서슴어 seoseumeo |
서슴어요 seoseumeoyo |
서슴습니다 seoseumseumnida |
| Past | 서슴었다 seoseumeotda |
서슴었어 seoseumeosseo |
서슴었어요 seoseumeosseoyo |
서슴었습니다 seoseumeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 서슴느냐 seoseumneunya |
서슴어 seoseumeo |
서슴어요 seoseumeoyo |
서슴습니까 seoseumseumnikka |
| Past | 서슴었느냐 seoseumeonneunya |
서슴었어 seoseumeosseo |
서슴었어요 seoseumeosseoyo |
서슴었습니까 seoseumeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 서슴자 seoseumja |
서슴어 seoseumeo |
서슴어요 seoseumeoyo |
서슴으십시다 seoseumeusipsida | |
| Imperative | 서슴어라 seoseumeora |
서슴어 seoseumeo |
서슴어요 seoseumeoyo |
서슴읍시오 seoseumeupsio | |
| Assertive | 서슴겠다 seoseumgetda |
서슴겠어 seoseumgesseo |
서슴겠어요 seoseumgesseoyo |
서슴겠습니다 seoseumgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 서슴어 seoseumeo |
서슴어서 seoseumeoseo |
서슴으니 seoseumeuni |
서슴으니까 seoseumeunikka | |
| Contrast | 서슴지만 seoseumjiman |
서슴는데 seoseumneunde |
서슴더니 seoseumdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 서슴고 seoseumgo |
||||
| Condition | 서슴으면 seoseumeumyeon |
서슴어야 seoseumeoya |
|||
| Motive | 서슴으려고 seoseumeuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 서슴음 seoseumeum |
서슴기 seoseumgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 서슴었음 seoseumeosseum |
서슴었기 seoseumeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 서슴은 seoseumeun | |||
| Present | 서슴는 seoseumneun | ||||
| Future | 서슴을 seoseumeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 서슴으신다 seoseumeusinda |
서슴으셔 seoseumeusyeo |
서슴으세요, 서슴으셔요 seoseumeuseyo, seoseumeusyeoyo |
서슴으십니다 seoseumeusimnida |
| Past | 서슴으셨다 seoseumeusyeotda |
서슴으셨어 seoseumeusyeosseo |
서슴으셨어요 seoseumeusyeosseoyo |
서슴으셨습니다 seoseumeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 서슴으시느냐 seoseumeusineunya |
서슴으셔 seoseumeusyeo |
서슴으세요, 서슴으셔요 seoseumeuseyo, seoseumeusyeoyo |
서슴으십니까 seoseumeusimnikka |
| Past | 서슴으셨느냐 seoseumeusyeonneunya |
서슴으셨어 seoseumeusyeosseo |
서슴으셨어요 seoseumeusyeosseoyo |
서슴으셨습니까 seoseumeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 서슴으시라 seoseumeusira |
서슴으셔 seoseumeusyeo |
서슴으세요 seoseumeuseyo |
서슴으십시오 seoseumeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 서슴으시겠다 seoseumeusigetda |
서슴으시겠어 seoseumeusigesseo |
서슴으시겠어요 seoseumeusigesseoyo |
서슴으시겠습니다 seoseumeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 서슴으셔 seoseumeusyeo |
서슴으셔서 seoseumeusyeoseo |
서슴으시니 seoseumeusini |
서슴으시니까 seoseumeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 서슴으시지만 seoseumeusijiman |
서슴으시는데 seoseumeusineunde |
서슴으시더니 seoseumeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 서슴으시고 seoseumeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 서슴으시면 seoseumeusimyeon |
서슴으셔야 seoseumeusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 서슴으시려고 seoseumeusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 서슴으심 seoseumeusim |
서슴으시기 seoseumeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 서슴으셨음 seoseumeusyeosseum |
서슴으셨기 seoseumeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 서슴으신 seoseumeusin | |||
| Present | 서슴으시는 seoseumeusineun | ||||
| Future | 서슴으실 seoseumeusil | ||||