적다

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Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 젹다 (Yale: cyekta).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)k̚t͈a̠]
  • Phonetic hangul: [적(ː)따]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jeokda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jeogda
McCune–Reischauer?chŏkta
Yale Romanization?cēkta

Adjective

적다 • (jeokda) (infinitive 적어, sequential 적으니)

  1. to be little, few
Conjugation
    Selected forms of the adjective 적다 (jeokda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 적다
jeokda 		적어
jeogeo 		적어요
jeogeoyo 		적습니다
jeokseumnida
Past 적었다
jeogeotda 		적었어
jeogeosseo 		적었어요
jeogeosseoyo 		적었습니다
jeogeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 적으냐
jeogeunya 		적어
jeogeo 		적어요
jeogeoyo 		적습니까
jeokseumnikka
Past 적었냐
jeogeonnya 		적었어
jeogeosseo 		적었어요
jeogeosseoyo 		적었습니까
jeogeotseumnikka
Assertive 적겠다
jeokgetda		 적겠어
jeokgesseo		 적겠어요
jeokgesseoyo		 적겠습니다
jeokgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 적어
jeogeo		 적어서
jeogeoseo		 적으니
jeogeuni		 적으니까
jeogeunikka
Contrast 적지만
jeokjiman		 적은데
jeogeunde		 적더니
jeokdeoni
Conjunction 적고
jeokgo
Condition 적으면
jeogeumyeon		 적어야
jeogeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 적음
jeogeum		 적기
jeokgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 적었음
jeogeosseum		 적었기
jeogeotgi
Determiners Present 적은
jeogeun
Future 적을
jeogeul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 적으시다
jeogeusida 		적으셔
jeogeusyeo 		적으세요, 적으셔요
jeogeuseyo, jeogeusyeoyo 		적으십니다
jeogeusimnida
Past 적으셨다
jeogeusyeotda 		적으셨어
jeogeusyeosseo 		적으셨어요
jeogeusyeosseoyo 		적으셨습니다
jeogeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 적으시냐
jeogeusinya 		적으셔
jeogeusyeo 		적으세요, 적으셔요
jeogeuseyo, jeogeusyeoyo 		적으십니까
jeogeusimnikka
Past 적으셨냐
jeogeusyeonnya 		적으셨어
jeogeusyeosseo 		적으셨어요
jeogeusyeosseoyo 		적으셨습니까
jeogeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive 적으시겠다
jeogeusigetda		 적으시겠어
jeogeusigesseo		 적으시겠어요
jeogeusigesseoyo		 적으시겠습니다
jeogeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 적으셔
jeogeusyeo		 적으셔서
jeogeusyeoseo		 적으시니
jeogeusini		 적으시니까
jeogeusinikka
Contrast 적으시지만
jeogeusijiman		 적으신데
jeogeusinde		 적으시더니
jeogeusideoni
Conjunction 적으시고
jeogeusigo
Condition 적으시면
jeogeusimyeon		 적으셔야
jeogeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 적으심
jeogeusim		 적으시기
jeogeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 적으셨음
jeogeusyeosseum		 적으셨기
jeogeusyeotgi
Determiners Present 적으신
jeogeusin
Future 적으실
jeogeusil
Antonyms
  • 많다 (manta, “to be many”)
  • Ablaut form: 작다 (jakda, “to be small”)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jeokda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jeogda
McCune–Reischauer?chŏkta
Yale Romanization?cekta

Verb

적다 • (jeokda) (infinitive 적어, sequential 적으니)

  1. to record; to write down
Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 적다 (jeokda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 적는다
jeongneunda 		적어
jeogeo 		적어요
jeogeoyo 		적습니다
jeokseumnida
Past 적었다
jeogeotda 		적었어
jeogeosseo 		적었어요
jeogeosseoyo 		적었습니다
jeogeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 적느냐
jeongneunya 		적어
jeogeo 		적어요
jeogeoyo 		적습니까
jeokseumnikka
Past 적었느냐
jeogeonneunya 		적었어
jeogeosseo 		적었어요
jeogeosseoyo 		적었습니까
jeogeotseumnikka
Hortative 적자
jeokja		 적어
jeogeo		 적어요
jeogeoyo		 적으십시다
jeogeusipsida
Imperative 적어라
jeogeora		 적어
jeogeo		 적어요
jeogeoyo		 적읍시오
jeogeupsio
Assertive 적겠다
jeokgetda		 적겠어
jeokgesseo		 적겠어요
jeokgesseoyo		 적겠습니다
jeokgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 적어
jeogeo		 적어서
jeogeoseo		 적으니
jeogeuni		 적으니까
jeogeunikka
Contrast 적지만
jeokjiman		 적는데
jeongneunde		 적더니
jeokdeoni
Conjunction 적고
jeokgo
Condition 적으면
jeogeumyeon		 적어야
jeogeoya
Motive 적으려고
jeogeuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 적음
jeogeum		 적기
jeokgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 적었음
jeogeosseum		 적었기
jeogeotgi
Determiners Past 적은
jeogeun
Present 적는
jeongneun
Future 적을
jeogeul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 적으신다
jeogeusinda 		적으셔
jeogeusyeo 		적으세요, 적으셔요
jeogeuseyo, jeogeusyeoyo 		적으십니다
jeogeusimnida
Past 적으셨다
jeogeusyeotda 		적으셨어
jeogeusyeosseo 		적으셨어요
jeogeusyeosseoyo 		적으셨습니다
jeogeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 적으시느냐
jeogeusineunya 		적으셔
jeogeusyeo 		적으세요, 적으셔요
jeogeuseyo, jeogeusyeoyo 		적으십니까
jeogeusimnikka
Past 적으셨느냐
jeogeusyeonneunya 		적으셨어
jeogeusyeosseo 		적으셨어요
jeogeusyeosseoyo 		적으셨습니까
jeogeusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 적으시라
jeogeusira		 적으셔
jeogeusyeo		 적으세요
jeogeuseyo		 적으십시오
jeogeusipsio
Assertive 적으시겠다
jeogeusigetda		 적으시겠어
jeogeusigesseo		 적으시겠어요
jeogeusigesseoyo		 적으시겠습니다
jeogeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 적으셔
jeogeusyeo		 적으셔서
jeogeusyeoseo		 적으시니
jeogeusini		 적으시니까
jeogeusinikka
Contrast 적으시지만
jeogeusijiman		 적으시는데
jeogeusineunde		 적으시더니
jeogeusideoni
Conjunction 적으시고
jeogeusigo
Condition 적으시면
jeogeusimyeon		 적으셔야
jeogeusyeoya
Motive 적으시려고
jeogeusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 적으심
jeogeusim		 적으시기
jeogeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 적으셨음
jeogeusyeosseum		 적으셨기
jeogeusyeotgi
Determiners Past 적으신
jeogeusin
Present 적으시는
jeogeusineun
Future 적으실
jeogeusil
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