πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

πŒ°π†- (af-) +‎ πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπ†πƒ (daufs, β€œhardened”) +‎ -𐌽𐌰𐌽 (-nan).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /afˈdɔːbnan/, [afˈdɔːβnan]

Verb[edit]

πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (afdaubnan)

  1. (hapax) to become numb, blind, hard, stubborn
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 2 Corinthians 3:14:
      𐌰𐌺 πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½ π†π‚πŒ°πŒΈπŒΎπŒ° 𐌹̈𐌢𐌴, πŒΏπŒ½π„πŒ΄ 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌲 πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ° πƒπŒ°πŒΌπ‰ πŒ·πŒΏπŒ»πŒΉπƒπ„π‚ 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 πŒΈπŒΉπŒΆπ‰πƒ π†πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ½πŒΎπ‰πŒ½πƒ π„π‚πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²π…π‰πƒ π…πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒΈ 𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌸, πŒΏπŒ½π„πŒ΄ 𐌹̈𐌽 π‡π‚πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒΏ πŒ²πŒ°π„πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°.
      ak afdaubnōdΔ“dun fraΓΎja Γ―zΔ“, untΔ“ und hina dag ΓΎata samō hulistr Γ―n anakunnainai ΓΎizōs fairnjōns triggwōs wisiΓΎ unandhuliΓΎ, untΔ“ Γ―n xristau gatairada.
      But their minds were blinded: for until this day remaineth the same vail untaken away in the reading of the old testament; which vail is done away in Christ. (KJV)

Usage notes[edit]

The sole attested form of this word is glossed as πŒ°π†πŒ±πŒ»πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½ (afblindnōdΔ“dun) in one manuscript.

Conjugation[edit]

Class 4 weak
Infinitive πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½
afdaubnan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°
afdaubna 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ°
afdaubnōda 		—
2nd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒΉπƒ
afdaubnis 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
afdaubnōdΔ“s 		—
3rd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒΉπŒΈ
afdaubniΓΎ 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ°
afdaubnōda 		—
1st dual πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πƒ
afdaubnōs 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
afdaubnōdΔ“du 		—
2nd dual πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°π„πƒ
afdaubnats 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
afdaubnōdΔ“duts 		—
1st plural πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΌ
afdaubnam 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
afdaubnōdΔ“dum 		—
2nd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒΉπŒΈ
afdaubniΓΎ 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
afdaubnōdΔ“duΓΎ 		—
3rd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
afdaubnand 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
afdaubnōdΔ“dun 		—
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΏ
afdaubnau 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
afdaubnōdΔ“djau 		—
2nd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
afdaubnais 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
afdaubnōdΔ“deis 		—
3rd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉ
afdaubnai 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
afdaubnōdΔ“di 		—
1st dual πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
afdaubnaiwa 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
afdaubnōdΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
afdaubnaits 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
afdaubnōdΔ“deits 		—
1st plural πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
afdaubnaima 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
afdaubnōdΔ“deima 		—
2nd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
afdaubnaiΓΎ 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
afdaubnōdΔ“deiΓΎ 		—
3rd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
afdaubnaina 		πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½π‰πŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
afdaubnōdΔ“deina 		—
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½
afdaubn
3rd singular πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdaubnadau
2nd dual πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°π„πƒ
afdaubnats
2nd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒΉπŒΈ
afdaubniΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
afdaubnandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ°π†πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
afdaubnands 		—
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