-с

See also: с-, с., с, and С

Kazakh

Suffix

-с • (-s)

1. Form of -іс (-ıs) after a vowel.
2. Form of -ер (-er) after -ме (-me) negative suffix.

Moksha

Etymology

Perhaps related to Estonian -sse, Livonian -zõ (“[illative suffix]”), e.g., mōzõ.

Suffix

-с • (-s)

1. illative suffix
   • V. I. Ščankina (2011) Russko-mokšansko-erzjanskij slovarʹ [Russian-Moksha-Erzya Dictionary], Saransk, →ISBN

     пряда/пряс (доверху)

     pŕada/pŕa s (doverhu)

     to the top (to the top [in Russian])

Derived terms

Moksha terms suffixed with -с

вастс

пряс

пялес

сельмос

сяс

шида шис

шиста шис

Mongolian

Etymology 1

Mongolian	Cyrillic
᠊ᠰ (-s)	-с (-s)

Suffix

-с • (-s)

1. Forms the plural form of nouns.

Etymology 2

Mongolian	Cyrillic
᠊ᠰᠤᠨ (-sun)	-с (-s)

Suffix

-с • (-s)

1. Forms nouns from nouns and verbs, sometimes with no apparent change of meaning.

Russian

Alternative forms

• -съ (-s) — pre-1918 spelling

Etymology

A contracted form of су́дарь (súdarʹ, “sir”), суда́рыня (sudárynja, “ma'am”). Typologically compare English 'm (contraction of ma'am).

Suffix

-с • (-s)

1. (obsolete) a Russian suffix that was formerly used to emphasize the speaker’s politeness or servility before a person of higher social status, created as an abbreviation of су́дарь (súdarʹ)/суда́рыня (sudárynja) (sir, ma'am).

   да-с ― da-s ― yes, milord (or milady)

   так-с ― tak-s ― yes, sir (or ma'am)

   слу́шаю-с ― slúšaju-s ― at your service, milord (or milady)

   • 1876, Фёдор Достоевский [Fyodor Dostoevsky], “Глава 1, II. Брачное предложение”, in Кроткая, Санкт-Петербург: Дневник писателя; English translation from Ronald Meyer, transl., The Meek One, 2010:

     Так заду́малась, так заду́малась, что я уже́ спроси́л бы́ло: «Ну что ж?» — и да́же не удержа́лся, с э́таким ши́ком спроси́л: «Ну что же-с?» — с словое́рсом.

     Tak zadúmalasʹ, tak zadúmalasʹ, što ja užé sprosíl býlo: «Nu što ž?» — i dáže ne uderžálsja, s étakim šíkom sprosíl: «Nu što že-s?» — s slovojérsom.

     She was so deep in thought, so deep in thought that I was on the verge of asking, ‘Well, what is it going to be?’ – and I couldn’t even help myself from asking with a certain sense of chic: ‘Well, what is it going to be, Miss?’ – adding the ‘Miss’ for good measure.

Usage notes

• The suffix can be attached to various parts of speech, usually at the end of a sentence, usually only once.
• In the pre-reform Russian it was spelled "-съ", see "словое́рс (slovojérs)".
• The suffix was common in speech in the early and mid-19th century, but over the course of the late 19th century it went out of fashion, acquiring an undertone of servility, self-deprecation, and sometimes irony. By the 20th century, it was seen as an archaism, used either ironically or as a conscious marker of traditionalism in educated speech. In modern Russian, it's very rare, and is used for emphasis in a humorous, ironic, or sarcastic way.

Related terms

• словое́рс (slovojérs)