-히
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Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]하 (-ha-) + 이 (-i, adverb-deriving suffix).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [çi]
- Phonetic hangul: [히]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | hi |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | hi |
McCune–Reischauer? | hi |
Yale Romanization? | hi |
Suffix
[edit]히 • (-hi)
- -ly; an adverb-deriving suffix, attaching primarily to adjectives formed by the light verb 하다 (hada).
Usage notes
[edit]Generally speaking, 히 (-hi) is used for adjectives formed by 하다 (hada). 이 (-i) is used for all non-하다 (hada) adjectives. 게 (-ge) can be used for both and is often interchangeable with other suffixes. However, there are exceptions.
- Some 하다 adjectives lose the consonant ㅎ (-h-) entirely, taking 이 (-i) instead. In the prescriptive standard of Seoul Korean, this happens in the following situations:
- A few 하다 adjectives only use 게 (-ge) and do not use 히 (-hi). There is no predictable rule for them.
- For a few adverbs, the 히 form is prescriptively used despite being derived from non-하다 adjectives. However, most of these words have fallen out of use in spoken Korean. Note also that certain adverbs which originate as contractions of longer adverbs may use 히 even when there is no corresponding 하다 adjective for the contraction, and that some Sino-Korean adverbs with 히 have lost their adjectival counterpart entirely.
- In practice, many Seoul speakers will uniformly use 히 for all adverbs where the corresponding 하다 adjective remains current in the language.