-lkedik
Hungarian
Etymology
-l (verb-forming suffix) + -kedik (verb-forming suffix)[1]
Pronunciation
Suffix
-lkedik
- Unrounded front-vowel variant of -lkodik.
- elme (“mind”) → elmélkedik (“to contemplate”)
Conjugation
conjugation of -lkedik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -lkedek | -lkedsz | -lkedik | -lkedünk | -lkedtek | -lkednek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | -lkedtem | -lkedtél | -lkedett | -lkedtünk | -lkedtetek | -lkedtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -lkedni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -lkedék | -lkedél | -lkede | -lkedénk | -lkedétek | -lkedének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -lkedik vala, -lkedett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -lkedendek | -lkedendesz | -lkedend | -lkedendünk | -lkedendetek | -lkedendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -lkednék | -lkednél | -lkedne | -lkednénk | -lkednétek | -lkednének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -lkedett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -lkedjek | -lkedj or -lkedjél |
-lkedjen | -lkedjünk | -lkedjetek | -lkedjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -lkedett légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | -lkedni | -lkednem | -lkedned | -lkednie | -lkednünk | -lkednetek | -lkedniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| -lkedés | -lkedő | -lkedett | ― | -lkedve (-lkedvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of -lkedik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -lkedhetek | -lkedhetsz | -lkedhet | -lkedhetünk | -lkedhettek | -lkedhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | -lkedhettem | -lkedhettél | -lkedhetett | -lkedhettünk | -lkedhettetek | -lkedhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -lkedheték | -lkedhetél | -lkedhete | -lkedheténk | -lkedhetétek | -lkedhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. -lkedhet vala, -lkedhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -lkedhetendek or -lkedandhatok |
-lkedhetendesz or -lkedandhatsz |
-lkedhetend or -lkedandhat |
-lkedhetendünk or -lkedandhatunk |
-lkedhetendetek or -lkedandhattok |
-lkedhetendenek or -lkedandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -lkedhetnék | -lkedhetnél | -lkedhetne | -lkedhetnénk | -lkedhetnétek | -lkedhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -lkedhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -lkedhessek | -lkedhess or -lkedhessél |
-lkedhessen | -lkedhessünk | -lkedhessetek | -lkedhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -lkedhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (-lkedhetni) | (-lkedhetnem) | (-lkedhetned) | (-lkedhetnie) | (-lkedhetnünk) | (-lkedhetnetek) | (-lkedhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (-lkedhetve / -lkedhetvén) | ||||
Usage notes
- (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
- -lkodik is added to back-vowel words
- lusta (“lazy”) + -lkedik → lustálkodik (“to laze”)
- -lkedik is added to unrounded front-vowel words
- elme (“mind”) + -lkedik → elmélkedik (“to contemplate”)
- -lködik is added to rounded front-vowel words
- -lkodik is added to back-vowel words
Derived terms
See also
References
- ^ -lkedik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)