-kedik
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From -k (instantaneous suffix) + -ed (frequentative suffix) + -ik (reflexive suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-kedik
- (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun or adjective to form a verb. Most of the time it means to behave as. The derived verb may have a pejorative meaning.
- irigy (“envious”) + -kedik → irigykedik (“to be envious”)
- (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb, meaning to work as.
- cseléd (“servant”) + -kedik → cselédkedik (“to work as a servant”)
- (verb-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a reflexive verb.
- helyez (“to place”) + -kedik → helyezkedik (“to position oneself”)
- nevel (“to raise (a child)”) + -kedik → nevelkedik (“to be raised, to be brought up”)
Usage notes
[edit]- (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of -kedik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -kedem or -kedek |
-kedsz | -kedik | -kedünk | -kedtek | -kednek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | -kedtem | -kedtél | -kedett | -kedtünk | -kedtetek | -kedtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -kedni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -kedék or -kedém |
-kedél | -kede or -kedék |
-kedénk | -kedétek | -kedének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -kedik vala, -kedett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -kedendek (or -kedendem) |
-kedendesz (or -kedendel) |
-kedend (or -kedendik*) |
-kedendünk | -kedendetek | -kedendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -kednék (or -kedném) |
-kednél | -kedne (or -kednék*) |
-kednénk | -kednétek | -kednének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -kedett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -kedjek or -kedjem |
-kedj or -kedjél |
-kedjen or -kedjék |
-kedjünk | -kedjetek | -kedjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -kedett légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | -kedni | -kednem | -kedned | -kednie | -kednünk | -kednetek | -kedniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| -kedés | -kedő | -kedett | ― | -kedve (-kedvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of -kedik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -kedhetek (or -kedhetem) |
-kedhetsz (or -kedhetel) |
-kedhet (or -kedhetik) |
-kedhetünk | -kedhettek | -kedhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | -kedhettem | -kedhettél | -kedhetett | -kedhettünk | -kedhettetek | -kedhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -kedheték or -kedhetém |
-kedhetél | -kedhete or -kedheték |
-kedheténk | -kedhetétek | -kedhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. -kedhet vala, -kedhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -kedhetendek or -kedandhatok (or -kedhetendem or -kedandhatom) |
-kedhetendesz or -kedandhatsz (or -kedhetendel or -kedandhatol) |
-kedhetend or -kedandhat (or -kedhetendik or -kedandhatik*) |
-kedhetendünk or -kedandhatunk |
-kedhetendetek or -kedandhattok |
-kedhetendenek or -kedandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -kedhetnék (or -kedhetném) |
-kedhetnél | -kedhetne (or -kedhetnék*) |
-kedhetnénk | -kedhetnétek | -kedhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -kedhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -kedhessek (or -kedhessem) |
-kedhess or -kedhessél |
-kedhessen (or -kedhessék) |
-kedhessünk | -kedhessetek | -kedhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -kedhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (-kedhetni) | (-kedhetnem) | (-kedhetned) | (-kedhetnie) | (-kedhetnünk) | (-kedhetnetek) | (-kedhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (-kedhetve / -kedhetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ -kodik/-kedik/-ködik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, page 417, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)