Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyd-: difference between revisions

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→‎Derived terms: source derives this from *leh₁d-, not *leyd-
→‎Proto-Indo-European: restore sourced content, per this
Tag: Reverted
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===Root===
===Root===
{{ine-root}}<ref name="LIV_leid">{{R:ine:LIV|lei̯d-|pages=402–403}}</ref><ref>{{R:itc:EDL|lūdō, -ere|pages=350–351}}</ref><ref>{{R:bat:EDBIL|277|leisti}}</ref><ref name=Matasović>{{R:cel:EDPC|246|head=loyd-o-}}</ref>
{{ine-root}}<ref name=LIV>{{R:ine:LIV|lei̯d-|pages=402–403}}</ref><ref name=deVaan>{{R:itc:EDL|lūdō, -ere|pages=350–351}}</ref><ref>{{R:bat:EDBIL|277|leisti}}</ref><ref name=Matasović>{{R:cel:EDPC|246|head=loyd-o-}}</ref>


# {{senseid|ine-pro|let}} to [[let]], [[allow]]
# to [[let]], [[allow]]
# to [[let go]], [[release]]
# to [[let go]], [[release]]


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
* {{l|ine-pro||*léyd-ti ~ *lid-énti|pos=athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*léyd-ti ~ *lid-énti|pos=athematic root present}}<ref name=LIV/>
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*lēiˀstei|alt=léiˀstei}} {{see desc}}
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*lēiˀstei|alt=*léiˀstei}} {{see desc}}


* {{l|ine-pro||*le-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti|pos=reduplicated athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*lé-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti|pos=reduplicated athematic root present}}<ref name=LIV/>
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*lēiˀstei|alt=*laiˀstei}} {{see desc}}
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*lēiˀstei|alt=*laiˀstei}} {{see desc}}
⚫
** {{desc|itc-pro|alt=*loidō}}<ref name=deVaan/>
⚫
*** {{desc|la|lūdō|t=to play}}


* {{l|ine-pro||*li-né-d-ti ~ *li-n-d-énti|pos=nasal-infix present}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*li-né-d-ti ~ *li-n-d-énti|pos=nasal-infix present}}<ref name=LIV/>
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*linda}}
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*linda}}
*** {{desc|sq|lind|t1=to bear, give birth|lindem|t2=to be born}}
*** {{desc|sq|lind|t1=to bear, give birth|lindem|t2=to be born}}
⚫
** {{desc|grk-pro|*líndō}}
⚫
*** {{desc|grc|λίνδεσθαι|t=to contend|pos=pres.mp.inf.}}


* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-éye-ti|pos=eye-iterative}}<ref name="LIV_leid" />
* {{l|ine-pro||*lid-yé-ti|pos=zero-grade ye-present}}<ref>{{R:ine:EIEC|head=*loid-|434}}</ref>
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*laida}}
** {{desc|grk-pro|*líďďō}}
*** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*laidnja|der=1}}
*** {{desc|grc|λίζω|t=to play}}

⚫
**** {{desc|sq|lej|t=to bear, give birth}}
⚫
* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-éye-ti|pos=eye-iterative}}<ref name=LIV/>
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*laidnja|der=1}}<ref name=Orel>{{R:sq:Orel|lej|217}}</ref><ref name=LIV/>
⚫
*** {{desc|sq|lej|t=to bear, give birth}}
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*laidīˀti}}
** {{desc|ine-bsl-pro|*laidīˀti}}
*** {{desc|lt|láidyti|t=to let, let go, start moving}}
*** {{desc|lt|láidyti|t=to let, let go, start moving}}
⚫
** {{desc|cel-pro|*loydīti}}
*** {{desc|mga|laídid|t=exhorts, incites}}<ref name=Matasović/>

⚫
* {{l|ine-pro||*lóyd-e-ti|pos=thematic present with unusual ''o''-grade}}
** {{desc|sqj-pro|alt=*laida}}<ref name=Orel/><ref name=LIV/>
*** {{desc|sq|le|t=to give birth|qq=dialectal}}


* {{l|ine-pro||*leid-sk-to-s}}<ref>{{R:bat:EDBIL|head=laiškas|pages=270–271}}</ref>
* {{l|ine-pro||*leid-sk-to-s}}<ref>{{R:bat:EDBIL|head=laiškas|pages=270–271}}</ref>
Line 34: Line 47:


* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-eh₂}}
* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-eh₂}}
** {{desc|cel-pro|alt=loydā|unc=1}}<ref>{{R:cel:EDPC|246|head=loyd-o-}}</ref>
** {{desc|cel-pro|alt=*loydā|unc=1}}<ref name=Matasović/>
*** {{desc|sga|lóid}}
*** {{desc|sga|lóid}}
**** {{desc|mga|láed|láid}}
**** {{desc|mga|láed|láid}}
***** {{desc|ga|laoidh}}
***** {{desc|ga|laoidh}}
***** {{desc|gd|laoidh}}
***** {{desc|gd|laoidh}}

===See also===
⚫
* {{l|ine-pro|*leh₁-}}
* {{l|ine-pro|*leh₁d-}}


===References===
===References===
<references/>
<references/>


===Root===
===Further reading===
* {{R:ine:IEW|666|head=leid-}}
{{ine-root}}<ref name="IEW">{{R:ine:IEW|666|head=leid-}}</ref><ref>{{R:ine:EIEC|head=*loid-|434}}</ref><ref name="LIV">{{R:ine:LIV|lei̯d-|pages=402–403}}</ref>

# {{senseid|ine-pro|play}} to [[play]], [[contend]]

====Derived terms====
* {{l|ine-pro||*lé-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti|pos=reduplicated athematic root present}}<ref name="LIV" />
⚫
** {{desc|itc-pro|alt=*loidō}}<ref name="IEW" /><ref>{{R:itc:EDL|lūdō, -ere|pages=350–351}}</ref>
⚫
*** {{desc|la|lūdō|t=to play}}

⚫
* {{l|ine-pro||*lid-yé-ti|pos=zero-grade ye-present}}
⚫
** {{desc|grk-pro|*líďďō}}
*** {{desc|grc|λίζω|t=to play}}

* {{l|ine-pro||*li-né-d-ti ~ *li-n-d-énti|pos=nasal-infix present}}<ref name="LIV" />
⚫
** {{desc|grk-pro|*líndō}}
*** {{desc|grc|*λίνδω}}
⚫
**** {{desc|grc|λίνδεσθαι|t=to contend|pos=pres.mp.inf.|der=1}} {{q|+ {{l|grc|-εσθαι}}}}

⚫
* {{l|ine-pro||*loyd-éye-ti|pos=eye-iterative}}<ref name="LIV" />
⚫
** {{desc|cel-pro|*loydīti}}
*** {{desc|sga|laídid|t=exhort, incite}}<ref>{{R:cel:EDPC|246|head=loyd-o-}}</ref>
**** {{desc|mga|laídid}}

===References===
<references/>

Revision as of 16:21, 29 June 2023

 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*leyd-[1][2][3][4]

  1. to let, allow
  2. to let go, release

Derived terms

  • *léyd-ti ~ *lid-énti (athematic root present)[1]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *léiˀstei (see there for further descendants)
  • *lé-loyd-ti ~ *lé-lid-n̥ti (reduplicated athematic root present)[1]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laiˀstei (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *loidō[2]
  • *li-né-d-ti ~ *li-n-d-énti (nasal-infix present)[1]
    • Proto-Albanian: *linda
      • Albanian: lind (“to bear, give birth”), lindem (“to be born”)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *líndō
  • *lid-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)[5]
  • *loyd-éye-ti (eye-iterative)[1]
    • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *laidnja[6][1]
      • Albanian: lej (“to bear, give birth”)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laidīˀti
      • Lithuanian: láidyti (“to let, let go, start moving”)
    • Proto-Celtic: *loydīti
  • *lóyd-e-ti (thematic present with unusual o-grade)
    • Proto-Albanian: *laida[6][1]
      • Albanian: le (“to give birth”) (dialectal)
  • *leid-sk-to-s[7]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: láiškas (“letter”)
      • Latvian: laiska (“leaf”)
      • Old Prussian: lāiskas (“booklet”)
      • Proto-Slavic: *listъ (“letter”) (see there for further descendants)

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “lei̯d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 402–403
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “lūdō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 350–351
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “leisti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 277
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “loyd-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 246
  5. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*loid-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 434
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “lej”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 217
  7. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “laiškas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 270–271

Further reading

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