esbahir

Middle French

Alternative forms

• abair

Verb

esbahir

1. to shock; to startle

Descendants

• French: ébahir

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Old French

Alternative forms

• esbaïr, esbaier, abaier, abair, esbahir, abayer

Etymology

From esbaer (“to open wide; yawm”), from Vulgar Latin *exbadō, from ex- +‎ badō (“I gape; I open wide”).

Verb

esbahir

1. to astonish
2. to frighten

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of esbahir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		esbahir			avoir esbahi
gerund		en esbahissant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		esbahissant
past participle		esbahi
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	esbahis	esbahis	esbahist	esbahissons	esbahissez	esbahissent
	imperfect	esbahissoie, esbahisseie	esbahissoies, esbahisseies	esbahissoit, esbahisseit	esbahissiiens, esbahissiens	esbahissiiez, esbahissiez	esbahissoient, esbahisseient
	preterite	esbahi	esbahis	esbahi	esbahimes	esbahistes	esbahirent
	future	esbahirai	esbahiras	esbahira	esbahirons	esbahiroiz, esbahireiz, esbahirez	esbahiront
	conditional	esbahiroie, esbahireie	esbahiroies, esbahireies	esbahiroit, esbahireit	esbahiriiens, esbahiriens	esbahiriiez, esbahiriez	esbahiroient, esbahireient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	esbahisse	esbahisses	esbahisse	esbahissons	esbahissez	esbahissent
	imperfect	esbahisse	esbahisses	esbahist	esbahissons, esbahissiens	esbahissoiz, esbahissez, esbahissiez	esbahissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	esbahis	—	esbahissons	esbahissez	—

Descendants

• Middle French: ebahir
• → Middle English: abashen, abaissen, abaisshen, abaishen (< esbahiss-, esbaiss-, partially from abaissier (“to prostrate oneself”)) (see there for further descendants)